BlackTreeCVE Intelligence
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Full vulnerability report · 2024
CVE-2024-45411High confidence

Twig has a possible sandbox bypass

twigphp · Twig

Official source article: GitHub GHSA-6J75-5WFJ-GH66 ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.

8.6HighCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityHighOperational priority:High, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • EPSS is 0.85% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs twigphp Twig and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 30 daysRemediation target: Within 180 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Distribution package intelligence

Release-specific package status

Debian, ubuntu findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.

6 package states
Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Distribution releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Debian trixietrixie · sourcephp-twigVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.3.8.0-4Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Debian bookwormbookworm · sourcephp-twigVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.3.5.1-1+deb12u1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Debian forkyforky · sourcephp-twigVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.3.8.0-4Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Debian sidsid · sourcephp-twigVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.3.8.0-4Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · esm-appsphp-twigVendor fix publishedCanonical reports that a fixed source package version has been published. Repository candidate availability is not checked by BlackTree.3.8.0-2ubuntu0.1~esm1Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivephp-twigVendor fix publishedCanonical reports that a fixed source package version has been published. Repository candidate availability is not checked by BlackTree.3.8.0-2ubuntu1Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2024-2735

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

Twig is a template language for PHP. Under some circumstances, the sandbox security checks are not run which allows user-contributed templates to bypass the sandbox restrictions. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.44.8, 2.16.1, and 3.14.0.

What

Twig is a template language for PHP. Under some circumstances, the sandbox security checks are not run which allows user-contributed templates to bypass the sandbox restrictions. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.44.8, 2.16.1, and 3.14.0.

Why

The product does not use or incorrectly uses a protection mechanism that provides sufficient defense against directed attacks against the product.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

Twig is a template language for PHP. Under some circumstances, the sandbox security checks are not run which allows user-contributed templates to bypass the sandbox restrictions. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.44.8, 2.16.1, and 3.14.0.

Why

The product does not use or incorrectly uses a protection mechanism that provides sufficient defense against directed attacks against the product.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
a network path → Protection Mechanism Failure → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
High: exploitation depends on specific conditions
Security boundary
Changed: exploitation can affect a different security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-693 ↗

CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure. The product does not use or incorrectly uses a protection mechanism that provides sufficient defense against directed attacks against the product.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACHighAttack complexity: Successful exploitation depends on specific conditions outside the attacker's direct control.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SChangedScope: The attack can affect a component governed by a different security authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkCWE-693
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20240911Security Bulletin 11 Sep 2024

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 11 Sep 2024, published on 11 September 2024. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0836Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Tenable

De multiples vulnérabilités ont été découvertes dans Tenable Security Center. Elles permettent à un attaquant de provoquer une exécution de code arbitraire à distance, une élévation de privilèges et un contournement de la politique de sécurité.

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2026-024047symfonyのtwigにおける保護メカニズムの不具合に関する脆弱性

TwigはPHPのためのテンプレート言語です。バージョン3.26.0以前では、{% sandbox %}や{% include %}によってサンドボックス外で以前に読み込まれたテンプレートを、checkSecurity()を再実行せずに読み込むことができました。その結果、キャッシュされたテンプレートがSecurityPolicy::checkSecurity()によって拒否されるべきタグ、フィルター、および関数を使用できてしまうという問題がありました。この問題はバージョン3.26.0で修正されています。

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2024-008501symfony の twig における脆弱性

symfony の twig には、不特定の脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
Twig: > 1.0.0, < 1.44.8, > 2.0.0, < 2.16.1, > 3.0.0, < 3.14.0
Fixed
An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 9 Sept 2024 · Last source change 16 Sept 2024, 12:04 UTC · CWE-693 · Protection Mechanism Failure

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2024-2735
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2024-2735↗CVE authority or vendor reference · GitHub GHSA-6J75-5WFJ-GH66↗Patch or update reference↗Patch or update reference↗Patch or update reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2024-45411 · cve.blacktree.nl