Evidence used
- No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
- EPSS is 0.76% for the current model date.
BlackTreeCVE IntelligenceFull vulnerability report · 2024
CVE-2024-29891High confidence
ZITADEL Improper Content-Type Validation Leads to Account Takeover via Stored XSS + CSP Bypass
zitadel · zitadel
Official source article: GitHub GHSA-HR5W-CWWQ-2V4M ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.
8.7HighCVSS 3.1
Within 7 days
Fix not verifiedHigh technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.
R
Open reassessment dashboard →Operational reassessment
Published severity in operational context
Published severityHigh→Operational priority:High, unchanged from published severity.unchanged
Compensating controls
- Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
- Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.
Verification
- Confirm that the asset runs zitadel zitadel and falls inside the recorded affected range.
- Recheck the vendor advisory before scheduling a change because no verified fixed version is currently retained.
- Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
- Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Open-source package ranges14 source-attributed ranges
These OSV and GitHub advisory ranges apply only to the named package and ecosystem. A listed fixed version is not a universal product patch or proof that an update is installed.
| Ecosystem and package | Affected range | First fixed version | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadel | SEMVER: introduced 0; fixed 2.42.17 | 2.42.17 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026 |
| Gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadel | SEMVER: introduced 2.43.0; fixed 2.43.11 | 2.43.11 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026 |
| Gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadel | SEMVER: introduced 2.44.0; fixed 2.44.7 | 2.44.7 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026 |
| Gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadel | SEMVER: introduced 2.45.0; fixed 2.45.5 | 2.45.5 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026 |
| Gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadel | SEMVER: introduced 2.46.0; fixed 2.46.5 | 2.46.5 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026 |
| Gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadel | SEMVER: introduced 2.47.0; fixed 2.47.8 | 2.47.8 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026 |
| Gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadel | SEMVER: introduced 2.48.0; fixed 2.48.3 | 2.48.3 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 10 Sep 2026 |
| gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadel | < 2.42.17 | 2.42.17 | GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 8 Jan 2025 |
| gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadel | >= 2.43.0, < 2.43.11 | 2.43.11 | GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 8 Jan 2025 |
| gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadel | >= 2.44.0, < 2.44.7 | 2.44.7 | GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 8 Jan 2025 |
| gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadel | >= 2.45.0, < 2.45.5 | 2.45.5 | GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 8 Jan 2025 |
| gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadel | >= 2.46.0, < 2.46.5 | 2.46.5 | GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 8 Jan 2025 |
| gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadel | >= 2.47.0, < 2.47.8 | 2.47.8 | GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 8 Jan 2025 |
| gogithub.com/zitadel/zitadel | >= 2.48.0, < 2.48.3 | 2.48.3 | GitHub advisory ↗upstream repository advisory · 8 Jan 2025 |
High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.
Fix not verified01
What, why and how
ZITADEL users can upload their own avatar image and various image types are allowed. Due to a missing check, an attacker could upload HTML and pretend it is an image to gain access to the victim's account in certain scenarios. A possible victim would need to directly open the supposed image in the browser, where a session in ZITADEL needs to be active for this exploit to work. The exploit could only be reproduced if the victim was using Firefox. Chrome, Safari as well as Edge did not execute the code. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.48.3, 2.47.8, 2.46.5, 2.45.5, 2.44.7, 2.43.11, and 2.42.17.
What
ZITADEL users can upload their own avatar image and various image types are allowed. Due to a missing check, an attacker could upload HTML and pretend it is an image to gain access to the victim's account in certain scenarios. A possible victim would need to directly open the supposed image in the browser, where a session in ZITADEL needs to be active for this exploit to work. The exploit could only be reproduced if the victim was using Firefox. Chrome, Safari as well as Edge did not execute the code. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.48.3, 2.47.8, 2.46.5, 2.45.5, 2.44.7, 2.43.11, and 2.42.17.
Why
The upload path does not sufficiently restrict the type, name, location or later execution of attacker-supplied files.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
What
ZITADEL users can upload their own avatar image and various image types are allowed. Due to a missing check, an attacker could upload HTML and pretend it is an image to gain access to the victim's account in certain scenarios. A possible victim would need to directly open the supposed image in the browser, where a session in ZITADEL needs to be active for this exploit to work. The exploit could only be reproduced if the victim was using Firefox. Chrome, Safari as well as Edge did not execute the code. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.48.3, 2.47.8, 2.46.5, 2.45.5, 2.44.7, 2.43.11, and 2.42.17.
Why
The upload path does not sufficiently restrict the type, name, location or later execution of attacker-supplied files.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation No confirmed evidence
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material None recorded
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.
- Likely attack path
- a network path → Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
- Attack surface
- Network
- Privileges required
- Low: a basic authenticated account is required
- User interaction
- Required interaction required
- Attack complexity
- Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
- Security boundary
- Changed: exploitation can affect a different security authority
- Weakness
?
CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness. - CWE-434 ↗
CWE-434: Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type. The product allows the upload or transfer of dangerous file types that are automatically processed within its environment.
- CVSS vector
?
CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity. CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:NCommon Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UIRequiredUser interaction: Another user must perform an action for exploitation to succeed.SChangedScope: The attack can affect a component governed by a different security authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.ANoneAvailability impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.- Post-exploitation / living off the land
- No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
03
Patch and workaround
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
- Status
?
Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change. - Fix not verified
- Affected
- zitadel: < 2.42.17, >= 2.43.0, < 2.43.11, >= 2.44.0, < 2.44.7, >= 2.45.0, < 2.45.5, >= 2.46.0, < 2.46.5, >= 2.47.0, < 2.47.8, >= 2.48.0, < 2.48.3
- Fixed
- No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
- Action
- No verified patch reference is present in the current structured sources. Check the vendor advisory before making a change.
- Workaround
- No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 27 Mar 2024 · Last source change 2 Aug 2024, 01:17 UTC · CWE-434 · Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
?
The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2024-0942
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enriched
Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.
Material change intelligence
View recent updates ↗What changed after publication
No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
- CVE
- Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
- CVSS
- Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
- EPSS
- Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
- CWE
- Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
- CNA
- CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
- CISA ADP
- Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
- NVD
- National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
- CERT / CSIRT
- A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
- PoC
- Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
- CSAF
- Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
- LoTL
- Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.