jose vulnerable to resource exhaustion via specifically crafted JWE with compressed plaintext
panva · jose
4.9MediumCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Scheduled
Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.
Patch available
Distribution package intelligence
Ubuntu vendor package status
Canonical’s release and source-package findings are shown separately from local repository availability.
1 package state
Repository candidate not checked
A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.
Ubuntu release
Source package
Vendor state
Fixed version
Evidence
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archive
node-jose
Under evaluationCanonical reports that the package might be affected and still needs evaluation or fixing.
Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.
The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.
jose.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
libjose as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
libjose-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7
Summary
Jose was found to have an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability. Under certain conditions, the user's environment can consume an unreasonable amount of CPU time or memory during JWE decryption operations, leading to a denial of service.
Remediation
For Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes, see the following documentation, which will be updated shortly for this release: https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_advanced_cluster_management_for_kubernetes/2.9/html-single/install/index#installing
Optional official sources
National CERT insights ?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.
Select the national-authority views to include. The exact source language is shown on each matched advisory. Your choice is remembered on this device and encoded in the shareable URL.
Official European source
ENISA European Vulnerability Database
Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.
1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier
EUVD-2024-0938
No EUVD known-exploited evidence
ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.
EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionScheduled
Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.
Patch available
01
What, why and how
jose is JavaScript module for JSON Object Signing and Encryption, providing support for JSON Web Tokens (JWT), JSON Web Signature (JWS), JSON Web Encryption (JWE), JSON Web Key (JWK), JSON Web Key Set (JWKS), and more. A vulnerability has
been identified in the JSON Web Encryption (JWE) decryption interfaces, specifically related to the support for decompressing plaintext after its decryption. Under certain conditions it is possible to have the user's environment consume unreasonable amount of CPU time or memory during JWE Decryption operations. This issue has been patched in versions 2.0.7 and 4.15.5.
What
jose is JavaScript module for JSON Object Signing and Encryption, providing support for JSON Web Tokens (JWT), JSON Web Signature (JWS), JSON Web Encryption (JWE), JSON Web Key (JWK), JSON Web Key Set (JWKS), and more. A vulnerability has
been identified in the JSON Web Encryption (JWE) decryption interfaces, specifically related to the support for decompressing plaintext after its decryption. Under certain conditions it is possible to have the user's environment consume unreasonable amount of CPU time or memory during JWE Decryption operations. This issue has been patched in versions 2.0.7 and 4.15.5.
Why
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with elevated privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
What
jose is JavaScript module for JSON Object Signing and Encryption, providing support for JSON Web Tokens (JWT), JSON Web Signature (JWS), JSON Web Encryption (JWE), JSON Web Key (JWK), JSON Web Key Set (JWKS), and more. A vulnerability has
been identified in the JSON Web Encryption (JWE) decryption interfaces, specifically related to the support for decompressing plaintext after its decryption. Under certain conditions it is possible to have the user's environment consume unreasonable amount of CPU time or memory during JWE Decryption operations. This issue has been patched in versions 2.0.7 and 4.15.5.
Why
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with elevated privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation ?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No confirmed evidence
No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material ?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.None recorded
No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.
Likely attack path
a network path → Uncontrolled Resource Consumption → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
High: elevated access is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness ?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption. The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
CVSS vector ?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRHighPrivileges required: The attacker needs elevated or administrative privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CNoneConfidentiality impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.INoneIntegrity impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
Stolen credentials, tokens and legitimate administration functions may provide continued access without deploying a large custom toolset.
NetworkCWE-400
A
Official authority intelligence
Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2024-0938Official EUVD mapping
0 linked advisory records.
Official EUVD record ↗BSI · German · WID-SEC-2024-1474Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform: Mehrere Schwachstellen
Ein entfernter, anonymer oder lokaler Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Red Hat OpenShift ausnutzen, um einen Denial-of-Service-Zustand zu erzeugen, vertrauliche Informationen offenzulegen oder Daten zu manipulieren.
Official advisory ↗BSI · German · WID-SEC-2024-0767IBM App Connect Enterprise: Mehrere Schwachstellen
Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in IBM App Connect Enterprise ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen oder einen Denial-of-Service-Zustand zu verursachen.
Official advisory ↗CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2024-AVI-1103Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
Status ?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
For Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes, see the following documentation, which will be updated shortly for this release: https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_advanced_cluster_management_for_kubernetes/2.9/html-single/install/index#installing
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 9 Mar 2024 · Last source change 13 Feb 2025, 17:47 UTC · CWE-400 · Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source ?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2024-0938
Product sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enriched
Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.
Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
Before
jose.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libjose as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libjose-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 · Fixed: rhacm2/console-rhel8@sha256:617a8a449bd1c6e7eb91ce0173cca62c6a2939ad2456fca16ce0f78ba3993aad_arm64 as a component of Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.9 for RHEL 8; rhacm2/console-rhel8@sha256:687b07dc606f789f165e10f9ddab2ab640bf8377cb230332204f689d5188b2b0_amd64 as a component of Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.9 for RHEL 8; rhacm2/console-rhel8@sha256:92b8523d0d06eb27cff8ad4fc1c063a1b53860d5f27208dee4b4c23052d074b2_s390x as a component of Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.9 for RHEL 8; rhacm2/console-rhel8@sha256:dbb19631867521b18db2284e9a8520ebc3082fe6e509b643f27ee3320f3ee1bb_ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.9 for RHEL 8; podman-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.s390x as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.src as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-catatonit-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-catatonit-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-catatonit-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.s390x as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-catatonit-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-catatonit-debuginfo-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-catatonit-debuginfo-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-catatonit-debuginfo-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.s390x as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-catatonit-debuginfo-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-debuginfo-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-debuginfo-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-debuginfo-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.s390x as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-debuginfo-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-debugsource-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-debugsource-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-debugsource-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.s390x as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-debugsource-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-docker-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.noarch as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-gvproxy-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-gvproxy-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-gvproxy-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.s390x as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-gvproxy-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; and 554 more
After
jose.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libjose as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7; libjose-devel as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 · Fixed: rhacm2/console-rhel8@sha256:617a8a449bd1c6e7eb91ce0173cca62c6a2939ad2456fca16ce0f78ba3993aad_arm64 as a component of Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.9 for RHEL 8; rhacm2/console-rhel8@sha256:687b07dc606f789f165e10f9ddab2ab640bf8377cb230332204f689d5188b2b0_amd64 as a component of Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.9 for RHEL 8; rhacm2/console-rhel8@sha256:92b8523d0d06eb27cff8ad4fc1c063a1b53860d5f27208dee4b4c23052d074b2_s390x as a component of Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.9 for RHEL 8; rhacm2/console-rhel8@sha256:dbb19631867521b18db2284e9a8520ebc3082fe6e509b643f27ee3320f3ee1bb_ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Advanced Cluster Management for Kubernetes 2.9 for RHEL 8; podman-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.s390x as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.src as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-catatonit-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-catatonit-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-catatonit-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.s390x as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-catatonit-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-catatonit-debuginfo-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-catatonit-debuginfo-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-catatonit-debuginfo-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.s390x as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-catatonit-debuginfo-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-debuginfo-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-debuginfo-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-debuginfo-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.s390x as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-debuginfo-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-debugsource-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-debugsource-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-debugsource-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.s390x as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-debugsource-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-docker-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.noarch as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-gvproxy-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.aarch64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-gvproxy-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-gvproxy-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.s390x as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; podman-gvproxy-4:4.9.4-5.1.rhaos4.16.el8.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16; and 574 more
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
CVE-2024-28176: jose vulnerable to resource exhaustion via specifically crafted JWE with compressed plaintext | BlackTree
