BlackTreeIndependent security intelligence
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Full vulnerability report · 2024
CVE-2024-27280High confidence

A buffer-overread issue was discovered in StringIO 3.0.1, as distributed in Ruby 3.0.x through 3.0.6 and 3.1.x through 3.1.4

n/a · n/a

9.8CriticalCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 72 hours

Critical technical impact with a remotely reachable, unauthenticated path; no CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.

Fix not verified
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Select the national-authority views to include. The exact source language is shown on each matched advisory. Your choice is remembered on this device and encoded in the shareable URL.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2024-1008

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 72 hours

Critical technical impact with a remotely reachable, unauthenticated path; no CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.

Fix not verified
01

What, why and how

A buffer-overread issue was discovered in StringIO 3.0.1, as distributed in Ruby 3.0.x through 3.0.6 and 3.1.x through 3.1.4. The ungetbyte and ungetc methods on a StringIO can read past the end of a string, and a subsequent call to StringIO.gets may return the memory value. 3.0.3 is the main fixed version; however, for Ruby 3.0 users, a fixed version is stringio 3.0.1.1, and for Ruby 3.1 users, a fixed version is stringio 3.0.1.2.

What

A buffer-overread issue was discovered in StringIO 3.0.1, as distributed in Ruby 3.0.x through 3.0.6 and 3.1.x through 3.1.4. The ungetbyte and ungetc methods on a StringIO can read past the end of a string, and a subsequent call to StringIO.gets may return the memory value. 3.0.3 is the main fixed version; however, for Ruby 3.0 users, a fixed version is stringio 3.0.1.1, and for Ruby 3.1 users, a fixed version is stringio 3.0.1.2.

Why

The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

A buffer-overread issue was discovered in StringIO 3.0.1, as distributed in Ruby 3.0.x through 3.0.6 and 3.1.x through 3.1.4. The ungetbyte and ungetc methods on a StringIO can read past the end of a string, and a subsequent call to StringIO.gets may return the memory value. 3.0.3 is the main fixed version; however, for Ruby 3.0 users, a fixed version is stringio 3.0.1.1, and for Ruby 3.1 users, a fixed version is stringio 3.0.1.2.

Why

The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
a network path → Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow') → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-120

CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow'). The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticatedCWE-120
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-W-2025-2063Apple macOS Sequoia, Sonoma und Tahoe: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Apple macOS ausnutzen, um Root-Rechte zu erlangen, beliebigen Code auszuführen, einen Denial-of-Service-Zustand herbeizuführen, vertrauliche Informationen preiszugeben, Daten zu verändern oder Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen.

Official advisory
BSI · German · WID-SEC-W-2025-0166Oracle PeopleSoft: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer oder authentisierter Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Oracle PeopleSoft ausnutzen, um die Vertraulichkeit, Integrität und Verfügbarkeit zu gefährden.

Official advisory
BSI · German · WID-SEC-W-2025-0168Oracle JD Edwards: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer oder authentisierter Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Oracle JD Edwards ausnutzen, um die Vertraulichkeit, Integrität und Verfügbarkeit zu gefährden.

Official advisory
BSI · German · WID-SEC-W-2024-0682Ruby: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Ruby ausnutzen, um Informationen offenzulegen oder Code auszuführen.

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0969Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware

d?id=CVE-2024-26146 Référence CVE CVE-2024-26256 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-26256 Référence CVE CVE-2024-26458 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-26458 Référence CVE CVE-2024-26461 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-26461 Référence CVE CVE-2024-26462 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-26462 Référence CVE CVE-2024-26700 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-26700 Référence CVE CVE-2024-26726 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-26726 Référence CVE CVE-2024-26775 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-26775 Référence CVE CVE-2024-26896 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-26896 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27280 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27280 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27281 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27281 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27407 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27407 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27766 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27766 Référence CVE CVE-2024-28085 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-28085 Référence CVE CVE-2024-28182 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-28182 Référence CVE CVE-2024-28757 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-28757 Référence CVE CVE-2024-28834 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-28834 Référence CVE CVE-2024-28835 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0855Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Juniper Networks

d?id=CVE-2024-26600 Référence CVE CVE-2024-26808 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-26808 Référence CVE CVE-2024-26828 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-26828 Référence CVE CVE-2024-26853 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-26853 Référence CVE CVE-2024-26868 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-26868 Référence CVE CVE-2024-26897 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-26897 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27049 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27049 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27052 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27052 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27065 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27065 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27280 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27280 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27281 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27281 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27282 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27282 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27417 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27417 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27434 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27434 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27982 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27982 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27983 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27983 Référence CVE CVE-2024-28182 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-28182 Référence CVE CVE-2024-30203 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0791Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Apple

pple 125113 du 15 septembre 2025 https://support.apple.com/en-us/125113 Bulletin de sécurité Apple 125114 du 15 septembre 2025 https://support.apple.com/en-us/125114 Bulletin de sécurité Apple 125115 du 15 septembre 2025 https://support.apple.com/en-us/125115 Bulletin de sécurité Apple 125116 du 15 septembre 2025 https://support.apple.com/en-us/125116 Bulletin de sécurité Apple 125117 du 15 septembre 2025 https://support.apple.com/en-us/125117 Bulletin de sécurité Apple 125141 du 15 septembre 2025 https://support.apple.com/en-us/125141 Bulletin de sécurité Apple 125142 du 15 septembre 2025 https://support.apple.com/en-us/125142 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27280 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27280 Référence CVE CVE-2025-24088 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-24088 Référence CVE CVE-2025-24133 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-24133 Référence CVE CVE-2025-24197 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-24197 Référence CVE CVE-2025-30468 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-30468 Référence CVE CVE-2025-31254 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-31254 Référence CVE CVE-2025-31255 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-31255 Référence CVE CVE-2025-31259 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-31259 Référence CVE CVE-2025-31268 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0055Multiples vulnérabilités dans Oracle PeopleSoft

acle PeopleSoft cpujan2025 du 21 janvier 2025 https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2025.html Référence CVE CVE-2020-22218 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-22218 Référence CVE CVE-2023-48795 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-48795 Référence CVE CVE-2024-0397 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-0397 Référence CVE CVE-2024-22018 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-22018 Référence CVE CVE-2024-22019 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-22019 Référence CVE CVE-2024-22020 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-22020 Référence CVE CVE-2024-2511 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-2511 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27280 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27280 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27281 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27281 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27282 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27282 Référence CVE CVE-2024-28849 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-28849 Référence CVE CVE-2024-29025 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-29025 Référence CVE CVE-2024-35195 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-35195 Référence CVE CVE-2024-36137 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-36137 Référence CVE CVE-2024-36138 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-36138 Référence CVE CVE-2024-37372 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory
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d?id=CVE-2024-21147 Référence CVE CVE-2024-22329 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-22329 Référence CVE CVE-2024-22354 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-22354 Référence CVE CVE-2024-23650 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-23650 Référence CVE CVE-2024-23651 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-23651 Référence CVE CVE-2024-23652 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-23652 Référence CVE CVE-2024-23653 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-23653 Référence CVE CVE-2024-25026 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-25026 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27267 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27267 Référence CVE CVE-2024-27280 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-27280 Référence CVE CVE-2024-3154 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-3154 Référence CVE CVE-2024-3727 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-3727 Référence CVE CVE-2024-37890 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-37890 Référence CVE CVE-2024-39249 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-39249 Référence CVE CVE-2024-39689 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-39689 Référence CVE CVE-2024-4068 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-4068 Référence CVE CVE-2024-41110 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-41110 Gestion détaillée du document le 04 octobre 2024 Version initiale Al

Official advisory
NCSC-NL · Dutch · NCSC-2025-0290Kwetsbaarheden verholpen in Apple macOS

De kwetsbaarheden omvatten verschillende problemen met betrekking tot de toegang tot gevoelige gebruikersdata, permissies, en beveiligingslekken die konden leiden tot ongeautoriseerde toegang of het omzeilen van sandbox-beperkingen. Deze kwetsbaarheden konden door kwaadwillenden worden misbruikt om gevoelige informatie te verkrijgen of om de stabiliteit van het systeem in gevaar te brengen. De updates zijn cruciaal voor het waarborgen van de integriteit en privacy van gebruikersdata.

Official advisory
NCSC-NL · Dutch · NCSC-2025-0026Kwetsbaarheden verholpen in Oracle JD Edwards

De kwetsbaarheden in Oracle JD Edwards EnterpriseOne Tools stellen ongeauthenticeerde kwaadwillenden in staat om het systeem te compromitteren via HTTP-verzoeken. Dit kan leiden tot ongeautoriseerde toegang tot kritieke gegevens en gegevenswijzigingen.

Official advisory
NCSC-NL · Dutch · NCSC-2025-0023Kwetsbaarheden verholpen in Oracle PeopleSoft

De kwetsbaarheden in Oracle PeopleSoft stellen geauthenticeerde kwaadwillenden in staat om via HTTP-netwerktoegang ongeautoriseerde toegang te krijgen tot specifieke gegevens, wat kan leiden tot ongeautoriseerde gegevensmanipulatie en -toegang. Kwaadwillenden kunnen ook een Denial-of-Service veroorzaken. Hiervoor heeft de kwaadwillende geen voorafgaande authenticatie nodig.

Official advisory
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Fix not verified
Affected
n/a
Fixed
No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
Action
No verified patch reference is present in the current structured sources. Check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 8 May 2024 · Last source change 4 Nov 2025, 17:17 UTC · CWE-120 · Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCISA ADP
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2024-1008
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCISA ADP
NVD statusNVD not scheduled

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates →

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2024-27280 · cve.blacktree.nl