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Full vulnerability report · 2025
CVE-2023-53525High confidence

RDMA/cma: Allow UD qp_type to join multicast only

Linux · Linux

5.5MediumCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Patch only the product branches with a verified fix

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 9 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Fix availability varies by product
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityMediumOperational priority:Low, lowered one band.downgradedsince 23 May 2026

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • Exploitation requires an existing local or physical foothold with privileges.
  • EPSS is 0.14% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Linux Linux and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: No default targetRemediation target: Normal maintenance

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Cross-source reconciliation

Remediation availability differs by product scope

Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 9 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Distribution package intelligence

Release-specific package status

Debian, ubuntu findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.

13 package states
Package result overrides the generic status

BlackTree has verified remediation for at least one product or source, but the relevant distribution still reports no fixed package for 9 affected package states shown here. Treat those rows as affected with no fix until that distribution publishes a fixed version.

Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Distribution releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Debian trixietrixie · sourcelinuxVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.6.1.25-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian bookwormbookworm · sourcelinuxVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.6.1.25-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian forkyforky · sourcelinuxVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.6.1.25-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian sidsid · sourcelinuxVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.6.1.25-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-azure-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-gcp-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-hwe-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-intelAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-lowlatency-hwe-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-oem-6.11Affected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-raspi-realtimeAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-realtimeAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelinux-riscvAffected, no fix publishedCanonical OVAL identifies this running kernel flavour as affected and does not publish a fixed package version in this definition.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2025-32749

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionPatch only the product branches with a verified fix

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 9 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Fix availability varies by product
01

What, why and how

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/cma: Allow UD qp_type to join multicast only As for multicast: - The SIDR is the only mode that makes sense; - Besides PS_UDP, other port spaces like PS_IB is also allowed, as it is UD compatible. In this case qkey also needs to be set [1]. This patch allows only UD qp_type to join multicast, and set qkey to default if it's not set, to fix an uninit-value error: the ib->rec.qkey field is accessed without being initialized. ===================================================== BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in cma_set_qkey drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:510 [inline] BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in cma_make_mc_event+0xb73/0xe00 drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:4570 cma_set_qkey drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:510 [inline] cma_make_mc_event+0xb73/0xe00 drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:4570 cma_iboe_join_multicast drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:4782 [inline] rdma_join_multicast+0x2b83/0x30a0 drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:4814 ucma_process_join+0xa76/0xf60 drivers/infiniband/core/ucma.c:1479 ucma_join_multicast+0x1e3/0x250 drivers/infiniband/core/ucma.c:1546 ucma_write+0x639/0x6d0 drivers/infiniband/core/ucma.c:1732 vfs_write+0x8ce/0x2030 fs/read_write.c:588 ksys_write+0x28c/0x520 fs/read_write.c:643 __do_sys_write fs/read_write.c:655 [inline] __se_sys_write fs/read_write.c:652 [inline] __ia32_sys_write+0xdb/0x120 fs/read_write.c:652 do_syscall_32_irqs_on arch/x86/entry/common.c:114 [inline] __do_fast_syscall_32+0x96/0xf0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:180 do_fast_syscall_32+0x34/0x70 arch/x86/entry/common.c:205 do_SYSENTER_32+0x1b/0x20 arch/x86/entry/common.c:248 entry_SYSENTER_compat_after_hwframe+0x4d/0x5c Local variable ib.i created at: cma_iboe_join_multicast drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:4737 [inline] rdma_join_multicast+0x586/0x30a0 drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:4814 ucma_process_join+0xa76/0xf60 drivers/infiniband/core/ucma.c:1479 CPU: 0 PID: 29874 Comm: syz-executor.3 Not tainted 5.16.0-rc3-syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 01/01/2011 ===================================================== [1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-rdma/20220117183832.GD84788@nvidia.com/

What

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/cma: Allow UD qp_type to join multicast only As for multicast: - The SIDR is the only mode that makes sense; - Besides PS_UDP, other port spaces like PS_IB is also allowed, as it is UD compatible. In this case qkey also needs to be set [1]. This patch allows only UD qp_type to join multicast, and set qkey to default if it's not set, to fix an uninit-value error: the ib->rec.qkey field is accessed without being initialized. ===================================================== BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in cma_set_qkey drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:510 [inline] BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in cma_make_mc_event+0xb73/0xe00 drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:4570 cma_set_qkey drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:510 [inline] cma_make_mc_event+0xb73/0xe00 drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:4570 cma_iboe_join_multicast drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:4782 [inline] rdma_join_multicast+0x2b83/0x30a0 drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:4814 ucma_process_join+0xa76/0xf60 drivers/infiniband/core/ucma.c:1479 ucma_join_multicast+0x1e3/0x250 drivers/infiniband/core/ucma.c:1546 ucma_write+0x639/0x6d0 drivers/infiniband/core/ucma.c:1732 vfs_write+0x8ce/0x2030 fs/read_write.c:588 ksys_write+0x28c/0x520 fs/read_write.c:643 __do_sys_write fs/read_write.c:655 [inline] __se_sys_write fs/read_write.c:652 [inline] __ia32_sys_write+0xdb/0x120 fs/read_write.c:652 do_syscall_32_irqs_on arch/x86/entry/common.c:114 [inline] __do_fast_syscall_32+0x96/0xf0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:180 do_fast_syscall_32+0x34/0x70 arch/x86/entry/common.c:205 do_SYSENTER_32+0x1b/0x20 arch/x86/entry/common.c:248 entry_SYSENTER_compat_after_hwframe+0x4d/0x5c Local variable ib.i created at: cma_iboe_join_multicast drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:4737 [inline] rdma_join_multicast+0x586/0x30a0 drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:4814 ucma_process_join+0xa76/0xf60 drivers/infiniband/core/ucma.c:1479 CPU: 0 PID: 29874 Comm: syz-executor.3 Not tainted 5.16.0-rc3-syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 01/01/2011 ===================================================== [1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-rdma/20220117183832.GD84788@nvidia.com/

Why

The product uses or accesses a resource that has not been initialized.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: RDMA/cma: Allow UD qp_type to join multicast only As for multicast: - The SIDR is the only mode that makes sense; - Besides PS_UDP, other port spaces like PS_IB is also allowed, as it is UD compatible. In this case qkey also needs to be set [1]. This patch allows only UD qp_type to join multicast, and set qkey to default if it's not set, to fix an uninit-value error: the ib->rec.qkey field is accessed without being initialized. ===================================================== BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in cma_set_qkey drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:510 [inline] BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in cma_make_mc_event+0xb73/0xe00 drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:4570 cma_set_qkey drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:510 [inline] cma_make_mc_event+0xb73/0xe00 drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:4570 cma_iboe_join_multicast drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:4782 [inline] rdma_join_multicast+0x2b83/0x30a0 drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:4814 ucma_process_join+0xa76/0xf60 drivers/infiniband/core/ucma.c:1479 ucma_join_multicast+0x1e3/0x250 drivers/infiniband/core/ucma.c:1546 ucma_write+0x639/0x6d0 drivers/infiniband/core/ucma.c:1732 vfs_write+0x8ce/0x2030 fs/read_write.c:588 ksys_write+0x28c/0x520 fs/read_write.c:643 __do_sys_write fs/read_write.c:655 [inline] __se_sys_write fs/read_write.c:652 [inline] __ia32_sys_write+0xdb/0x120 fs/read_write.c:652 do_syscall_32_irqs_on arch/x86/entry/common.c:114 [inline] __do_fast_syscall_32+0x96/0xf0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:180 do_fast_syscall_32+0x34/0x70 arch/x86/entry/common.c:205 do_SYSENTER_32+0x1b/0x20 arch/x86/entry/common.c:248 entry_SYSENTER_compat_after_hwframe+0x4d/0x5c Local variable ib.i created at: cma_iboe_join_multicast drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:4737 [inline] rdma_join_multicast+0x586/0x30a0 drivers/infiniband/core/cma.c:4814 ucma_process_join+0xa76/0xf60 drivers/infiniband/core/ucma.c:1479 CPU: 0 PID: 29874 Comm: syz-executor.3 Not tainted 5.16.0-rc3-syzkaller #0 Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 01/01/2011 ===================================================== [1] https://lore.kernel.org/linux-rdma/20220117183832.GD84788@nvidia.com/

Why

The product uses or accesses a resource that has not been initialized.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
local access → Use of Uninitialized Resource → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-908 ↗

CWE-908: Use of Uninitialized Resource. The product uses or accesses a resource that has not been initialized.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CNoneConfidentiality impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.INoneIntegrity impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
CWE-908
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2025-2187Linux Kernel: Mehrere Schwachstellen ermöglichen Denial of Service

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen im Linux Kernel ausnutzen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen und um nicht nähere beschriebene Effekte zu verursachen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20251008Security Bulletin 08 Oct 2025

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 08 Oct 2025, published on 8 October 2025. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0921Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de SUSE

d?id=CVE-2023-53513 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53515 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53515 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53516 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53516 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53518 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53518 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53519 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53519 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53520 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53520 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53521 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53521 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53523 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53523 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53524 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53524 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53525 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53525 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53526 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53526 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53527 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53527 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53528 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53528 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53530 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53530 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53531 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53531 Référence CVE CVE-2023-5633 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-5633 Référence CVE CVE-2024-26583 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-26583 Référence CVE CVE-2024-26584 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CV

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0895Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de SUSE

d?id=CVE-2023-53512 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53515 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53515 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53516 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53516 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53518 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53518 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53519 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53519 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53520 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53520 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53521 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53521 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53523 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53523 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53524 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53524 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53525 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53525 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53526 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53526 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53527 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53527 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53528 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53528 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53530 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53530 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53531 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53531 Référence CVE CVE-2023-53532 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-53532 Référence CVE CVE-2023-5633 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-5633 Référence CVE CVE-2024-26583 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CV

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2025-025438LinuxのLinux Kernelにおける初期化されていないリソースの使用に関する脆弱性

Linuxカーネルに存在した脆弱性で、RDMA/cmaにおいてUD qp_typeがマルチキャスト参加を許可してしまう問題が修正されました。この問題により、設定されていないqkeyフィールドが読み取られてしまう未初期化値のエラーが発生していました。修正パッチでは、マルチキャスト参加をUD qp_typeのみに制限し、qkeyフィールドが適切に初期化されるように対処しています。

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Fix availability varies by product
Affected
Linux: b5de0c60cc30c2a3513c7188c73f3f29acc29234 < ae11498851423d6de27aebfe12a5ee85060ab1d5, b5de0c60cc30c2a3513c7188c73f3f29acc29234 < 48e8e7851dc0b1584d83817a78fc7108c8904b54, b5de0c60cc30c2a3513c7188c73f3f29acc29234 < 02eabb635bc64bd1e3a7cf887d6d182bffb64b99, b5de0c60cc30c2a3513c7188c73f3f29acc29234 < bb18b9dbac2bbdf7695e0bfaac4bf944ff7b207d, b5de0c60cc30c2a3513c7188c73f3f29acc29234 < 58e84f6b3e84e46524b7e5a916b53c1ad798bc8f, b8d1adbff983be0b54f61c9a4169609d7fab0620, feed39c8d1282279fcb30612aa0e8d2635c11280, 5.8.17 < 5.9, 5.9.2 < 5.10, 5.10
Fixed
Linux: < 5.10, 5.10.178 ≤ 5.10.*, 5.15.108 ≤ 5.15.*, 6.1.25 ≤ 6.1.*, 6.2.12 ≤ 6.2.*, 6.3 ≤ *
Action
Use the product-specific evidence above. Patch only products with a verified fixed release, and keep every affected or under-investigation state without a matching fix in the remediation queue.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 1 Oct 2025 · Last source change 23 May 2026, 15:29 UTC · CWE-908 · Use of Uninitialized Resource

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceNIST NVD
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-32749
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceNIST NVD
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2025-32749↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Patch or update reference↗Patch or update reference↗Patch or update reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2023-53525 · cve.blacktree.nl