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Full vulnerability report · 2023
CVE-2023-4693High confidence

Grub2: out-of-bounds read at fs/ntfs.c

Red Hat · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8

Official source article: Red Hat RHSA-2024:2456 ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.

5.3MediumCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityMediumOperational priority:Medium, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
  • Exploitation requires an existing local or physical foothold with privileges.
  • EPSS is 0.49% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
  • Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: As exposure requiresRemediation target: Within 365 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Distribution package intelligence

Release-specific package status

Debian, ubuntu findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.

5 package states
Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Distribution releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Debian trixietrixie · sourcegrub2Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.2.12~rc1-11Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian bookwormbookworm · sourcegrub2Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.2.06-13+deb12u1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian forkyforky · sourcegrub2Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.2.12~rc1-11Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian sidsid · sourcegrub2Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.2.12~rc1-11Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivegrub2-signedVendor fix publishedCanonical reports that a fixed source package version has been published. Repository candidate availability is not checked by BlackTree.1.199Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2023-54544

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

An out-of-bounds read flaw was found on grub2's NTFS filesystem driver. This issue may allow a physically present attacker to present a specially crafted NTFS file system image to read arbitrary memory locations. A successful attack allows sensitive data cached in memory or EFI variable values to be leaked, presenting a high Confidentiality risk.

What

An out-of-bounds read flaw was found on grub2's NTFS filesystem driver. This issue may allow a physically present attacker to present a specially crafted NTFS file system image to read arbitrary memory locations. A successful attack allows sensitive data cached in memory or EFI variable values to be leaked, presenting a high Confidentiality risk.

Why

The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with elevated privileges. If successful, the issue may obtain information outside the intended access boundary.

What

An out-of-bounds read flaw was found on grub2's NTFS filesystem driver. This issue may allow a physically present attacker to present a specially crafted NTFS file system image to read arbitrary memory locations. A successful attack allows sensitive data cached in memory or EFI variable values to be leaked, presenting a high Confidentiality risk.

Why

The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with elevated privileges. If successful, the issue may obtain information outside the intended access boundary.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
local access → Out-of-bounds Read → obtain information outside the intended access boundary
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
High: elevated access is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
High: exploitation depends on specific conditions
Security boundary
Changed: exploitation can affect a different security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-125 ↗

CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read. The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACHighAttack complexity: Successful exploitation depends on specific conditions outside the attacker's direct control.PRHighPrivileges required: The attacker needs elevated or administrative privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SChangedScope: The attack can affect a component governed by a different security authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.INoneIntegrity impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.ANoneAvailability impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
CWE-125Public exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2024-1905IBM QRadar SIEM: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer oder lokaler Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in IBM QRadar SIEM ausnutzen, um seine Privilegien zu erhöhen, beliebigen Code auszuführen, Daten zu manipulieren, vertrauliche Informationen offenzulegen, eine Man-in-the-Middle-Situation zu schaffen, Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen oder eine Denial-of-Service-Situation zu schaffen.

Official advisory ↗
BSI · German · WID-SEC-2024-1307Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh Containers: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh Containers ausnutzen, um Dateien zu manipulieren, einen 'Denial of Service'-Zustand erzuegen, beliebigen Code auszuführen, vertrauliche Informationen offenzulegen oder weitere nicht spezifizierte Angriffe durchzuführen.

Official advisory ↗
BSI · German · WID-SEC-2023-2552Grub2: Mehrere Schwachstellen ermöglichen Codeausführung

Ein lokaler Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Grub2 ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20231101Security Bulletin 01 Nov 2023

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 01 Nov 2023, published on 1 November 2023. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0072Multiples vulnérabilités dans Juniper Secure Analytics

ord?id=CVE-2021-47548 Référence CVE CVE-2021-47579 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-47579 Référence CVE CVE-2021-47624 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-47624 Référence CVE CVE-2022-48632 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-48632 Référence CVE CVE-2022-48743 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-48743 Référence CVE CVE-2022-48747 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-48747 Référence CVE CVE-2022-48757 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-48757 Référence CVE CVE-2023-28746 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-28746 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4692 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4692 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4693 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4693 Référence CVE CVE-2023-52451 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52451 Référence CVE CVE-2023-52463 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52463 Référence CVE CVE-2023-52469 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52469 Référence CVE CVE-2023-52471 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52471 Gestion détaillée du document le 27 janvier 2025 Version initiale Alertes Avis Bulletins d’actualités Mentions légales Conditions générales À propos Contact cyber.gouv.fr service-public.fr legifrance.gouv.fr info.gouv.fr france.fr info.gouv.fr/risques Premier Ministre / Secrétariat Général de

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2024-AVI-0958Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM

ord?id=CVE-2023-38325 Référence CVE CVE-2023-38546 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-38546 Référence CVE CVE-2023-39325 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-39325 Référence CVE CVE-2023-42465 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-42465 Référence CVE CVE-2023-44487 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-44487 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45284 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45284 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45288 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45288 Référence CVE CVE-2023-46218 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-46218 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4692 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4692 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4693 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4693 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4807 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4807 Référence CVE CVE-2023-48161 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-48161 Référence CVE CVE-2023-48795 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-48795 Référence CVE CVE-2023-49083 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-49083 Référence CVE CVE-2023-50314 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-50314 Référence CVE CVE-2023-50782 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-50782 Référence CVE CVE-2023-5115 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-5115 Référence CVE CVE-2023-52425 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2024-AVI-0741Multiples vulnérabilités dans Juniper Secure Analytics

ord?id=CVE-2023-39326 Référence CVE CVE-2023-43788 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-43788 Référence CVE CVE-2023-43789 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-43789 Référence CVE CVE-2023-43804 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-43804 Référence CVE CVE-2023-44487 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-44487 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45287 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45287 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45802 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45802 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45803 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45803 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4692 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4692 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4693 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4693 Référence CVE CVE-2023-48795 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-48795 Référence CVE CVE-2023-5090 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-5090 Référence CVE CVE-2023-52425 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52425 Référence CVE CVE-2023-52439 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52439 Référence CVE CVE-2023-52445 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52445 Référence CVE CVE-2023-52464 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52464 Référence CVE CVE-2023-52477 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52477 Référence CVE CVE-2023-52513 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2024-AVI-0720Multiples vulnérabilités dans IBM QRadar SIEM

ord?id=CVE-2021-47310 Référence CVE CVE-2021-47311 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-47311 Référence CVE CVE-2021-47353 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-47353 Référence CVE CVE-2021-47356 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-47356 Référence CVE CVE-2021-47456 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-47456 Référence CVE CVE-2021-47495 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-47495 Référence CVE CVE-2023-43788 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-43788 Référence CVE CVE-2023-43789 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-43789 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4692 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4692 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4693 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4693 Référence CVE CVE-2023-5090 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-5090 Référence CVE CVE-2023-52464 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52464 Référence CVE CVE-2023-52560 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52560 Référence CVE CVE-2023-52615 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52615 Référence CVE CVE-2023-52626 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52626 Référence CVE CVE-2023-52667 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52667 Référence CVE CVE-2023-52669 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-52669 Référence CVE CVE-2023-52675 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2023-015766GNU Project の grub2 等複数ベンダの製品における境界外書き込みに関する脆弱性

GNU Project の grub2 等複数ベンダの製品には、境界外書き込みに関する脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2023-015767GNU Project の grub2 等複数ベンダの製品における境界外読み取りに関する脆弱性

GNU Project の grub2 等複数ベンダの製品には、境界外読み取りに関する脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
See the vendor and CVE records for the affected range.
Fixed
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 25 Oct 2023 · Last source change 21 Jul 2026, 05:09 UTC · CWE-125 · Out-of-bounds Read

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2023-54544
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Missing structured fields: affected versions. Missing data is not evidence of low risk; review the primary advisory.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2023-54544↗CVE authority or vendor reference · Red Hat RHSA-2024:2456↗Public exploit reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2023-4693 · cve.blacktree.nl