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Full vulnerability report · 2024
CVE-2023-45583High confidence

Fortinet FortiSwitchManager — Use of Externally-Controlled Format String

Fortinet · FortiSwitchManager

6.5MediumCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Scheduled

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.

Patch available
Direct vendor intelligence

Authoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories

Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.

1 current
SSA-832273 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 12 · finalSiemens ProductCERTSSA-832273: Multiple Vulnerabilities in Fortigate NGFW Before V7.4.3 on RUGGEDCOM APE1808 Devices
1 known affected

The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.

  • RUGGEDCOM APE1808
Summary
A use of externally-controlled format string in Fortinet FortiProxy versions 7.2.0 through 7.2.5, 7.0.0 through 7.0.11, 2.0.0 through 2.0.13, 1.2.0 through 1.2.13, 1.1.0 through 1.1.6 FortiPAM versions 1.1.0, 1.0.0 through 1.0.3 FortiOS versions 7.4.0, 7.2.0 through 7.2.5, 7.0.0 through 7.0.13, 6.4.0 through 6.4.14, 6.2.0 through 6.2.15 FortiSwitchManager versions 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, 7.0.0 through 7.0.2 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted cli commands and http requests.
Remediation
Update Fortigate NGFW to V7.4.3. Contact customer support to receive patch and update information.
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Select the national-authority views to include. The exact source language is shown on each matched advisory. Your choice is remembered on this device and encoded in the shareable URL.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2023-49875

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionScheduled

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

A use of externally-controlled format string vulnerability in Fortinet FortiOS 7.4.0, FortiOS 7.2.0 through 7.2.5, FortiOS 7.0 all versions, FortiOS 6.4 all versions, FortiOS 6.2 all versions, FortiOS 6.0.0 through 6.0.16, FortiPAM 1.1.0, FortiPAM 1.0 all versions, FortiProxy 7.2.0 through 7.2.5, FortiProxy 7.0.0 through 7.0.11, FortiProxy 2.0 all versions, FortiProxy 1.2 all versions, FortiProxy 1.1 all versions, FortiProxy 1.0 all versions, FortiSwitchManager 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, FortiSwitchManager 7.0.0 through 7.0.2 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted cli commands and http requests.

What

A use of externally-controlled format string vulnerability in Fortinet FortiOS 7.4.0, FortiOS 7.2.0 through 7.2.5, FortiOS 7.0 all versions, FortiOS 6.4 all versions, FortiOS 6.2 all versions, FortiOS 6.0.0 through 6.0.16, FortiPAM 1.1.0, FortiPAM 1.0 all versions, FortiProxy 7.2.0 through 7.2.5, FortiProxy 7.0.0 through 7.0.11, FortiProxy 2.0 all versions, FortiProxy 1.2 all versions, FortiProxy 1.1 all versions, FortiProxy 1.0 all versions, FortiSwitchManager 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, FortiSwitchManager 7.0.0 through 7.0.2 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted cli commands and http requests.

Why

The product uses a function that accepts a format string as an argument, but the format string originates from an external source.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with elevated privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

A use of externally-controlled format string vulnerability in Fortinet FortiOS 7.4.0, FortiOS 7.2.0 through 7.2.5, FortiOS 7.0 all versions, FortiOS 6.4 all versions, FortiOS 6.2 all versions, FortiOS 6.0.0 through 6.0.16, FortiPAM 1.1.0, FortiPAM 1.0 all versions, FortiProxy 7.2.0 through 7.2.5, FortiProxy 7.0.0 through 7.0.11, FortiProxy 2.0 all versions, FortiProxy 1.2 all versions, FortiProxy 1.1 all versions, FortiProxy 1.0 all versions, FortiSwitchManager 7.2.0 through 7.2.2, FortiSwitchManager 7.0.0 through 7.0.2 allows attacker to execute unauthorized code or commands via specially crafted cli commands and http requests.

Why

The product uses a function that accepts a format string as an argument, but the format string originates from an external source.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with elevated privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
local access → Use of Externally-Controlled Format String → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
High: elevated access is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-134 ↗

CWE-134: Use of Externally-Controlled Format String. The product uses a function that accepts a format string as an argument, but the format string originates from an external source.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:F/RL:O/RC:C

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRHighPrivileges required: The attacker needs elevated or administrative privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
CWE-134
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-W-2024-1148Fortinet FortiOS und FortiProxy: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, authentisierter Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Fortinet FortiOS und Fortinet FortiProxy ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen und um Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen.

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2024-AVI-0404Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Fortinet

versions FortiADC 7.1.x toutes versions FortiADC 7.2.x versions antérieures à 7.2.4 FortiADC 7.4.x versions antérieures à 7.4.2 FortiAuthenticator 6.4.x toutes versions FortiAuthenticator 6.5.x versions antérieures à 6.5.4 FortiAuthenticator 6.6.x versions antérieures à 6.6.1 FortiNAC 7.2.x versions antérieures à 7.2.4 FortiNAC 8.7.x toutes versions FortiNAC 8.8.x toutes versions FortiNAC 9.1.x toutes versions FortiNAC 9.2.x toutes versions FortiNAC 9.4.x versions antérieures à 9.4.5 FortiOS 6.0.x toutes versions FortiOS 6.2.x toutes versions FortiOS 6.4.x toutes versions FortiOS 7.0 toutes versions pour les vulnérabilités CVE-2023-36640 et CVE-2023-45583 FortiOS 7.0.x versions antérieures à 7.0.13 FortiOS 7.2.x versions antérieures à 7.2.8 FortiOS 7.4.x versions antérieures à 7.4.2 FortiPAM 1.0.x toutes versions FortiPAM 1.1.x versions antérieures à 1.1.1 FortiPortal 6.0.x versions antérieures à 6.0.15 FortiPortal 7.0.x versions antérieures à 7.0.7 FortiPortal 7.2.x versions antérieures à 7.2.2 FortiProxy 1.0.x toutes versions FortiProxy 1.1.x toutes versions FortiProxy 1.2.x toutes versions FortiProxy 2.0.x toutes versions FortiProxy 7.0.x versions antérieures à 7.0.14 FortiProxy 7.2.x versions antérieures à 7.2.8 FortiProxy 7.4.x versions antérieures à 7.4.2 FortiSandbox 4.2.x versions ant

Official advisory
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
RUGGEDCOM APE1808
Fixed
No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
Action
Update Fortigate NGFW to V7.4.3. Contact customer support to receive patch and update information.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 14 May 2024 · Last source change 12 Jun 2026, 13:40 UTC · CWE-134 · Use of Externally-Controlled Format String

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2023-49875
Product sourceVendor CSAF · Siemens ProductCERT
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Siemens ProductCERT
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates →

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2023-49875↗Vendor CSAF · Siemens ProductCERT↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2023-45583 · cve.blacktree.nl