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Full vulnerability report · 2023
CVE-2023-4527High confidence

Glibc: stack read overflow in getaddrinfo in no-aaaa mode

Red Hat · Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8

Official source articles: Siemens SSA-082556 ↗ · Red Hat RHSA-2023:5453 ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.

6.5MediumCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Patch only the product branches with a verified fix

Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 6 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Fix availability varies by product
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityMediumOperational priority:High, raised one band.upgradedsince 14 Jul 2026

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
  • The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
  • EPSS is 1.67% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 30 daysRemediation target: Within 180 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Cross-source reconciliation

Remediation availability differs by product scope

Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 6 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Distribution package intelligence

Release-specific package status

Debian findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.

4 package states
Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Distribution releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Debian trixietrixie · sourceglibcVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.2.37-9Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Debian bookwormbookworm · sourceglibcVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.2.36-9+deb12u3Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Debian forkyforky · sourceglibcVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.2.37-9Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Debian sidsid · sourceglibcVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.2.37-9Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Direct vendor intelligence

Authoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories

Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.

2 current
SSA-082556 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 7 · interimSiemens ProductCERTSSA-082556: Vulnerabilities in the additional GNU/Linux subsystem of the SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518(F)-4 PN/DP MFP V3.1.5
5 known affected

The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.

  • SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4AX00-1AB0) >= V3.1.5
  • SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4AX00-1AC0) >= V3.1.5
  • SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4FX00-1AB0) >= V3.1.5
  • SIMATIC S7-1500 CPU 1518F-4 PN/DP MFP (6ES7518-4FX00-1AC0) >= V3.1.5
  • SIPLUS S7-1500 CPU 1518-4 PN/DP MFP (6AG1518-4AX00-4AC0) >= V3.1.5
Summary
A flaw was found in glibc. When the getaddrinfo function is called with the AF_UNSPEC address family and the system is configured with no-aaaa mode via /etc/resolv.conf, a DNS response via TCP larger than 2048 bytes can potentially disclose stack contents through the function returned address data, and may cause a crash.
Remediation
Limit access to the interactive shell of the additional GNU/Linux subssytem to trusted personnel only.
SSA-831302 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 5 · interimSiemens ProductCERTSSA-831302: Vulnerabilities in the BIOS of the SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP before V1.3.0
1 known affected

The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.

  • SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP - BIOS
Summary
A flaw was found in glibc. When the getaddrinfo function is called with the AF_UNSPEC address family and the system is configured with no-aaaa mode via /etc/resolv.conf, a DNS response via TCP larger than 2048 bytes can potentially disclose stack contents through the function returned address data, and may cause a crash.
Remediation
Update to V1.3.0 or later version
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2023-54382

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionPatch only the product branches with a verified fix

Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance. Verified remediation exists for at least one product or source, but 6 structured product or package states remain unresolved. Apply remediation only to the exact product branch confirmed by its source.

Fix availability varies by product
01

What, why and how

A flaw was found in glibc. When the getaddrinfo function is called with the AF_UNSPEC address family and the system is configured with no-aaaa mode via /etc/resolv.conf, a DNS response via TCP larger than 2048 bytes can potentially disclose stack contents through the function returned address data, and may cause a crash.

What

A flaw was found in glibc. When the getaddrinfo function is called with the AF_UNSPEC address family and the system is configured with no-aaaa mode via /etc/resolv.conf, a DNS response via TCP larger than 2048 bytes can potentially disclose stack contents through the function returned address data, and may cause a crash.

Why

A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may disrupt the affected service.

What

A flaw was found in glibc. When the getaddrinfo function is called with the AF_UNSPEC address family and the system is configured with no-aaaa mode via /etc/resolv.conf, a DNS response via TCP larger than 2048 bytes can potentially disclose stack contents through the function returned address data, and may cause a crash.

Why

A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may disrupt the affected service.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
a network path → Stack-based Buffer Overflow → disrupt the affected service
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
High: exploitation depends on specific conditions
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-121 ↗

CWE-121: Stack-based Buffer Overflow. A stack-based buffer overflow condition is a condition where the buffer being overwritten is allocated on the stack (i.e., is a local variable or, rarely, a parameter to a function).

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACHighAttack complexity: Successful exploitation depends on specific conditions outside the attacker's direct control.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CLowConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.INoneIntegrity impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticatedDenial of serviceCWE-121Public exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2023-2384GNU libc: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in GNU libc ausnutzen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20230920Security Bulletin 20 Sep 2023

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 20 Sep 2023, published on 20 September 2023. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0218Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware

ord?id=CVE-2023-38546 Référence CVE CVE-2023-39615 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-39615 Référence CVE CVE-2023-39804 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-39804 Référence CVE CVE-2023-39810 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-39810 Référence CVE CVE-2023-40403 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-40403 Référence CVE CVE-2023-40745 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-40745 Référence CVE CVE-2023-41175 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-41175 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4156 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4156 Référence CVE CVE-2023-42366 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-42366 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4527 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4527 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45322 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45322 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45803 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45803 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45853 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45853 Référence CVE CVE-2023-46218 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-46218 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4641 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4641 Référence CVE CVE-2023-47038 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-47038 Référence CVE CVE-2023-47039 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-47039 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4806 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0969Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware

ecord?id=CVE-2023-40403 Référence CVE CVE-2023-40745 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-40745 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4091 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4091 Référence CVE CVE-2023-41175 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-41175 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4154 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4154 Référence CVE CVE-2023-42669 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-42669 Référence CVE CVE-2023-42670 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-42670 Référence CVE CVE-2023-43887 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-43887 Référence CVE CVE-2023-44487 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-44487 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4527 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4527 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45283 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45283 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45284 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45284 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45285 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45285 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45287 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45287 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45288 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45288 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45289 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45289 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45290 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45290 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45322 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=C

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0756Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware

Record?id=CVE-2023-4039 Référence CVE CVE-2023-40403 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-40403 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4156 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4156 Référence CVE CVE-2023-42366 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-42366 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4320 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4320 Référence CVE CVE-2023-43785 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-43785 Référence CVE CVE-2023-43786 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-43786 Référence CVE CVE-2023-43787 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-43787 Référence CVE CVE-2023-44487 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-44487 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4527 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4527 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45288 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45288 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45322 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45322 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45803 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45803 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45853 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45853 Référence CVE CVE-2023-46129 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-46129 Référence CVE CVE-2023-46218 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-46218 Référence CVE CVE-2023-46219 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-46219 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4641 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CV

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0492Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Siemens

térieures à V3.2 SCALANCE XRM334 (2x230 V AC, 12xFO) (6GK5334-3TS01-4AR3) versions antérieures à V3.1 SCALANCE XRM334 (2x230 V AC, 12xFO) (6GK5334-3TS01-4AR3) versions antérieures à V3.2 SCALANCE XRM334 (2x230 V AC, 8xFO) (6GK5334-2TS01-4AR3) versions antérieures à V3.1 SCALANCE XRM334 (2x230 V AC, 8xFO) (6GK5334-2TS01-4AR3) versions antérieures à V3.2 SCALANCE XRM334 (2x230V AC, 2x10G, 24xSFP, 8xSFP+) (6GK5334-5TS01-4AR3) versions antérieures à V3.1 SCALANCE XRM334 (2x230V AC, 2x10G, 24xSFP, 8xSFP+) (6GK5334-5TS01-4AR3) versions antérieures à V3.2 SIMATIC S7-1500 versions supérieures ou égales àV3.1.5 pour les vulnérabilités CVE-2021-41617, CVE-2023-4527, CVE-2023-4806, CVE-2023-4911, CVE-2023-5363, CVE-2023-6246, CVE-2023-6779, CVE-2023-6780, CVE-2023-28531, CVE-2023-38545, CVE-2023-38546, CVE-2023-44487, CVE-2023-46218, CVE-2023-46219, CVE-2023-48795, CVE-2023-51384, CVE-2023-51385, CVE-2023-52927, CVE-2024-2961, CVE-2024-6119, CVE-2024-6387, CVE-2024-12133, CVE-2024-12243, CVE-2024-24855, CVE-2024-26596, CVE-2024-28085, CVE-2024-33599, CVE-2024-33600, CVE-2024-33601, CVE-2024-33602, CVE-2024-34397, CVE-2024-37370, CVE-2024-37371, CVE-2024-45490, CVE-2024-45491, CVE-2024-45492, CVE-2024-50246, CVE-2024-53166, CVE-2024-57977, CVE-2024-57996, CVE-2024-58005, CVE-2025-4373, CVE-2025-4598, CVE

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2023-AVI-1015Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Siemens

d?id=CVE-2023-44317 Référence CVE CVE-2023-44318 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-44318 Référence CVE CVE-2023-44319 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-44319 Référence CVE CVE-2023-44320 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-44320 Référence CVE CVE-2023-44321 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-44321 Référence CVE CVE-2023-44322 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-44322 Référence CVE CVE-2023-44373 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-44373 Référence CVE CVE-2023-44374 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-44374 Référence CVE CVE-2023-44487 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-44487 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4527 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4527 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45322 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45322 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45853 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45853 Référence CVE CVE-2023-45871 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-45871 Référence CVE CVE-2023-46156 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-46156 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4623 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4623 Référence CVE CVE-2023-46281 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-46281 Référence CVE CVE-2023-46282 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-46282 Référence CVE CVE-2023-46283 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2023-AVI-0957Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de RedHat

org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-38545 Référence CVE CVE-2023-38546 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-38546 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4128 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4128 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4132 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4132 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4155 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4155 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4206 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4206 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4207 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4207 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4208 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4208 Référence CVE CVE-2023-44487 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-44487 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4527 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4527 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4732 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4732 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4806 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4806 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4813 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4813 Référence CVE CVE-2023-4911 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-4911 Gestion détaillée du document le 17 novembre 2023 Version initiale Alertes Avis Bulletins d’actualités Mentions légales Conditions générales À propos Contact cyber.gouv.fr service-public.fr legifrance.gouv.fr info.gouv.fr france.fr info.gouv.fr/risques Premier Ministre / Secrétariat Général de la Défe

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2023-012763GNU Project の GNU C Library 等複数ベンダの製品における境界外読み取りに関する脆弱性

GNU Project の GNU C Library 等複数ベンダの製品には、境界外読み取りに関する脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
NCSC-NL · Dutch · NCSC-2025-0187Kwetsbaarheden verholpen in Siemens producten

De kwetsbaarheden stellen een kwaadwillende mogelijk in staat aanvallen uit te voeren die kunnen leiden tot de volgende categorieën schade: - Denial-of-Service (DoS) - Manipulatie van gegevens - Omzeilen van een beveiligingsmaatregel - Omzeilen van authenticatie - (Remote) code execution (root/admin rechten) - (Remote) code execution (Gebruikersrechten) - Toegang tot systeemgegevens - Toegang tot gevoelige gegevens - Spoofing De kwaadwillende heeft hiervoor toegang nodig tot de productieomgeving. Het is goed gebruik een dergelijke omgeving niet publiek toegankelijk te hebben.

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Fix availability varies by product
Affected
Fixed
Action
Use the product-specific evidence above. Patch only products with a verified fixed release, and keep every affected or under-investigation state without a matching fix in the remediation queue.
Workaround
Limit access to the interactive shell of the additional GNU/Linux subssytem to trusted personnel only.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 18 Sept 2023 · Last source change 14 Jul 2026, 11:54 UTC · CWE-121 · Stack-based Buffer Overflow

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2023-54382
Product sourceVendor CSAF · Siemens ProductCERT
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Siemens ProductCERT
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2023-4527 · cve.blacktree.nl