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Full vulnerability report · 2023
CVE-2023-36434High confidence

Windows IIS Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Microsoft · Windows 10 Version 22H2

9.8CriticalCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 72 hours

Critical technical impact with a remotely reachable, unauthenticated path; no CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityCriticalOperational priority:Critical, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
  • EPSS is 2.39% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Microsoft Windows 10 Version 22H2 and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 3 daysRemediation target: Within 90 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2023-40399

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 72 hours

Critical technical impact with a remotely reachable, unauthenticated path; no CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

Windows IIS Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

What

Windows IIS Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Why

The product does not implement sufficient measures to prevent multiple failed authentication attempts within a short time frame.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may gain additional privileges.

What

Windows IIS Server Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

Why

The product does not implement sufficient measures to prevent multiple failed authentication attempts within a short time frame.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may gain additional privileges.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
a network path → Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts → gain additional privileges
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-307 ↗

CWE-307: Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts. The product does not implement sufficient measures to prevent multiple failed authentication attempts within a short time frame.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticatedPrivilege escalationCWE-307
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2023-2606Microsoft Windows und Microsoft Windows Server: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer, authentisierter oder lokaler Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in verschiedenen Versionen von Microsoft Windows und Microsoft Windows Server ausnutzen, um beliebigen Code auszuführen, Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen, vertrauliche Informationen offenzulegen, einen Denial-of-Service-Zustand zu verursachen und Privilegien zu erweitern.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20231011Security Bulletin 11 Oct 2023

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 11 Oct 2023, published on 11 October 2023. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2023-AVI-0827Multiples vulnérabilités dans Microsoft Windows

de sécurité Microsoft du 10 octobre 2023 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/ Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2023-29348 du 10 octobre 2023 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-29348 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2023-35349 du 10 octobre 2023 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-35349 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2023-36420 du 10 octobre 2023 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-36420 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2023-36431 du 10 octobre 2023 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-36431 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2023-36434 du 10 octobre 2023 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-36434 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2023-36435 du 10 octobre 2023 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-36435 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2023-36436 du 10 octobre 2023 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-36436 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2023-36438 du 10 octobre 2023 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-36438 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2023-36557 du 10 octobre 2023 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-36557 Bulletin de sécurité Micr

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2023-003840マイクロソフトの複数の Microsoft Windows 製品における権限を昇格される脆弱性

マイクロソフトの Microsoft Windows 10、Windows 11、Windows Server には、Windows IIS Server に不備があるため、権限を昇格される脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
KISA KrCERT/CC · Korean · KNVD-6013MS 10월 보안 위협에 따른 정기 보안 업데이트 권고

-36565 | Microsoft Office 그래픽 권한 상승 취약성 | | Microsoft Windows Search Component | CVE-2023-36564 | Windows Search 보안 기능 바이패스 취약성 | | Microsoft WordPad | CVE-2023-36563 | Microsoft WordPad 정보 공개 취약성 | | Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) | CVE-2023-36562 | Microsoft Edge(Chromium 기반) 권한 상승 취약성 | | Azure DevOps | CVE-2023-36561 | Azure DevOps Server 권한 상승 취약성 | | Windows HTML Platform | CVE-2023-36557 | PrintHTML API 원격 코드 실행 취약성 | | Windows TCP/IP | CVE-2023-36438 | Windows TCP/IP 정보 유출 취약성 | | Windows HTML Platform | CVE-2023-36436 | Windows MSHTML 플랫폼 원격 코드 실행 취약성 | | Microsoft QUIC | CVE-2023-36435 | Microsoft QUIC 서비스 거부 취약성 | | Windows IIS | CVE-2023-36434 | Windows IIS 서버 권한 상승 취약성 | | Microsoft Dynamics | CVE-2023-36433 | Microsoft Dynamics 365(온-프레미스) 정보 공개 취약성 | | Windows Message Queuing | CVE-2023-36431 | Microsoft 메시지 큐 서비스 거부 취약성 | | Microsoft Dynamics | CVE-2023-36429 | Microsoft Dynamics 365(온-프레미스) 정보 공개 취약성 | | SQL Server | CVE-2023-36420 | SQL Server용 Microsoft ODBC 드라이버 원격 코드 실행 취약성 | | Azure | CVE-2023-36419 | Azure HDInsight Apache Oozie Workflow Scheduler 권한 상승 취약성 | | Azure Real Time Operating System | CVE-2023-36418 | Azure RTOS GUIX Studio 원격 코드 실행 취약성 | | SQL Server | CVE-2023-36417 | Microsoft SQL ODBC 드라이버 원격 코드 실행 취약성 | | Microsoft Dynamics | CVE-2023-36416 | Microsoft D

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
Fixed
An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 10 Oct 2023 · Last source change 14 Apr 2025, 22:46 UTC · CWE-307 · Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2023-40399
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceOther authority
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2023-40399↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2023-36434 · cve.blacktree.nl