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Full vulnerability report · 2023
CVE-2023-32373High confidence

Apple Multiple Products WebKit Use-After-Free Vulnerability

Apple · Multiple Products

8.8HighCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Protect now

CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2023-06-12 as the remediation due date.

Fix not verified
Distribution package intelligence

Ubuntu vendor package status

Canonical’s release and source-package findings are shown separately from local repository availability.

1 package state
Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Ubuntu releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archiveqtwebkit-opensource-srcUnder evaluationCanonical reports that the package might be affected and still needs evaluation or fixing.Not published in this feedCanonical record ↗Source updated 11 Sept 2026
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Select the national-authority views to include. The exact source language is shown on each matched advisory. Your choice is remembered on this device and encoded in the shareable URL.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2023-36617

CISA KEV mirrored by ENISA

A use-after-free issue was addressed with improved memory management. This issue is fixed in watchOS 9.5, tvOS 16.5, macOS Ventura 13.4, iOS 15.7.6 and iPadOS 15.7.6, Safari 16.5, iOS 16.5 and iPadOS 16.5. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Recorded by ENISA since 22 May 2023. Evidence sources: cisa_kev.
ENISA score
8.8 · CVSS 3.1
Advisory evidence
10 linked advisory records
Explicit mitigation evidence

Only statements that explicitly mention a fix, patch, update, workaround or mitigation are shown here.

  • csaf_redhat · RHSA-2023:3432Red Hat Security Advisory: webkit2gtk3 security update
  • csaf_redhat · RHSA-2023:3433Red Hat Security Advisory: webkit2gtk3 security update
  • csaf_suse · SUSE-SU-2023:3300-1Security update for webkit2gtk3
  • csaf_suse · SUSE-SU-2023:2606-1Security update for webkit2gtk3
  • csaf_suse · SUSE-SU-2023:2607-1Security update for webkit2gtk3
  • csaf_redhat · RHSA-2025:10364Red Hat Security Advisory: webkitgtk4 security update
  • csaf_suse · SUSE-SU-2023:2647-1Security update for webkit2gtk3
Recommended actionProtect now

CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2023-06-12 as the remediation due date.

Fix not verified
01

What, why and how

Apple iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, watchOS, and Safari WebKit contain a use-after-free vulnerability that leads to code execution when processing maliciously crafted web content. This vulnerability could impact HTML parsers that use WebKit, including but not limited to Apple Safari and non-Apple products which rely on WebKit for HTML processing.

What

Apple iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, watchOS, and Safari WebKit contain a use-after-free vulnerability that leads to code execution when processing maliciously crafted web content. This vulnerability could impact HTML parsers that use WebKit, including but not limited to Apple Safari and non-Apple products which rely on WebKit for HTML processing.

Why

The program can continue using memory after it has been released, producing unsafe and attacker-influenceable behaviour.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication after a user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

Apple iOS, iPadOS, macOS, tvOS, watchOS, and Safari WebKit contain a use-after-free vulnerability that leads to code execution when processing maliciously crafted web content. This vulnerability could impact HTML parsers that use WebKit, including but not limited to Apple Safari and non-Apple products which rely on WebKit for HTML processing.

Why

The program can continue using memory after it has been released, producing unsafe and attacker-influenceable behaviour.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication after a user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Confirmed in the wild

CISA added this CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on 2023-05-22.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
a network path → Use After Free → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
Required interaction required
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-416 ↗

CWE-416: Use After Free. The product reuses or references memory after it has been freed. At some point afterward, the memory may be allocated again and saved in another pointer, while the original pointer references a location somewhere within the new allocation. Any operations using the original pointer are no longer valid because the memory belongs to the code that operates on the new pointer.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UIRequiredUser interaction: Another user must perform an action for exploitation to succeed.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticatedCWE-416CISA KEV
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2023-36617Known-exploited evidence recorded

A use-after-free issue was addressed with improved memory management. This issue is fixed in watchOS 9.5, tvOS 16.5, macOS Ventura 13.4, iOS 15.7.6 and iPadOS 15.7.6, Safari 16.5, iOS 16.5 and iPadOS 16.5. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been actively exploited.

Official EUVD record
BSI · German · WID-SEC-W-2023-1251Apple macOS: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Apple macOS ausnutzen, um Administratorrechte zu erlangen, beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen, seine Privilegien zu erweitern, Informationen offenzulegen, Dateien zu manipulieren, einen Denial of Service Zustand herbeizuführen oder Sicherheitsvorkehrungen zu umgehen.

Official advisory
BSI · German · WID-SEC-W-2023-1252Apple iOS/iPadOS: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Apple iOS und Apple iPadOS ausnutzen, um Administratorrechte zu erlangen, beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen, seine Privilegien zu erweitern, Informationen offenzulegen, Dateien zu manipulieren, einen Denial of Service Zustand herbeizuführen oder Sicherheitsvorkehrungen zu umgehen.

Official advisory
BSI · German · WID-SEC-W-2023-1246Apple Safari: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Apple Safari ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen, Informationen offenzulegen oder Sicherheitsvorkehrungen zu umgehen.

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2023-AVI-0390Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Apple

d?id=CVE-2023-32357 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32360 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32360 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32363 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32363 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32365 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32365 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32367 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32367 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32368 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32368 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32369 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32369 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32371 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32371 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32372 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32372 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32373 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32373 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32375 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32375 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32376 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32376 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32380 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32380 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32382 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32382 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32384 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32384 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32385 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32385 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32386 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32386 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32387 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=

Official advisory
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Fix not verified
Affected
unspecified < 13.4; unspecified < 16.5; unspecified < 9.5; unspecified < 15.7
Fixed
No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
Action
No verified patch reference is present in the current structured sources. Check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 23 Jun 2023 · Last source change 21 Oct 2025, 23:05 UTC · CWE-416 · Use After Free

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceNIST NVD
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2023-36617
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCISA ADP
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates →

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Added to CISA KEV
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2023-36617↗CISA KEV record↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Vendor advisory↗Vendor advisory↗Vendor advisory↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2023-32373 · cve.blacktree.nl