BlackTreeCVE Intelligence
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Full vulnerability report · 2023
CVE-2023-2602High confidence

A vulnerability was found in the pthread_create() function in libcap

Unknown · libcap

3.3LowCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

Low technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Fix not verified
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityLowOperational priority:Low, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
  • Exploitation requires an existing local or physical foothold with privileges.
  • EPSS is 0.35% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
  • Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Unknown libcap and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Recheck the vendor advisory before scheduling a change because no verified fixed version is currently retained.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: No default targetRemediation target: Normal maintenance

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Distribution package intelligence

Release-specific package status

Debian, ubuntu findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.

5 package states
Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Distribution releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Debian trixietrixie · sourcelibcap2Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.1:2.66-4Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian bookwormbookworm · sourcelibcap2Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.1:2.66-4Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian forkyforky · sourcelibcap2Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.1:2.66-4Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian sidsid · sourcelibcap2Vendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.1:2.66-4Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivelibcap2Vendor fix publishedCanonical reports that a fixed source package version has been published. Repository candidate availability is not checked by BlackTree.1:2.66-4ubuntu1Canonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2023-34076

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

Low technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Fix not verified
01

What, why and how

A vulnerability was found in the pthread_create() function in libcap. This issue may allow a malicious actor to use cause __real_pthread_create() to return an error, which can exhaust the process memory.

What

A vulnerability was found in the pthread_create() function in libcap. This issue may allow a malicious actor to use cause __real_pthread_create() to return an error, which can exhaust the process memory.

Why

The product does not sufficiently track and release allocated memory after it has been used, making the memory unavailable for reallocation and reuse.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

A vulnerability was found in the pthread_create() function in libcap. This issue may allow a malicious actor to use cause __real_pthread_create() to return an error, which can exhaust the process memory.

Why

The product does not sufficiently track and release allocated memory after it has been used, making the memory unavailable for reallocation and reuse.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
local access → Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-401 ↗

CWE-401: Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime. The product does not sufficiently track and release allocated memory after it has been used, making the memory unavailable for reallocation and reuse.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CNoneConfidentiality impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.INoneIntegrity impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.ALowAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
CWE-401Public exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2024-1307Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh Containers: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Red Hat OpenShift Service Mesh Containers ausnutzen, um Dateien zu manipulieren, einen 'Denial of Service'-Zustand erzuegen, beliebigen Code auszuführen, vertrauliche Informationen offenzulegen oder weitere nicht spezifizierte Angriffe durchzuführen.

Official advisory ↗
BSI · German · WID-SEC-2023-2902IBM Security Guardium: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in IBM Security Guardium ausnutzen, um seine Privilegien zu erweitern, beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen, Sicherheitsvorkehrungen zu umgehen, Dateien zu manipulieren, einen Denial of Service Zustand herbeizuführen oder Informationen offenzulegen.

Official advisory ↗
BSI · German · WID-SEC-2023-2017Red Hat Enterprise Linux (libcap): Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein lokaler Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in der "libcap" Komponente von Red Hat Enterprise Linux ausnutzen, um einen Denial of Service Angriff durchzuführen und um nicht näher beschriebene Auswirkungen zu erzielen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20230607Security Bulletin 07 Jun 2023

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 07 Jun 2023, published on 7 June 2023. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0218Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware

d?id=CVE-2023-23916 Référence CVE CVE-2023-24056 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-24056 Référence CVE CVE-2023-25433 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-25433 Référence CVE CVE-2023-25434 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-25434 Référence CVE CVE-2023-25435 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-25435 Référence CVE CVE-2023-25584 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-25584 Référence CVE CVE-2023-25585 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-25585 Référence CVE CVE-2023-25586 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-25586 Référence CVE CVE-2023-25588 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-25588 Référence CVE CVE-2023-2602 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2602 Référence CVE CVE-2023-2603 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2603 Référence CVE CVE-2023-26965 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-26965 Référence CVE CVE-2023-26966 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-26966 Référence CVE CVE-2023-2731 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2731 Référence CVE CVE-2023-27533 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-27533 Référence CVE CVE-2023-27534 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-27534 Référence CVE CVE-2023-27535 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-27535 Référence CVE CVE-2023-27536 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-1057Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware

/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-1118 Référence CVE CVE-2023-1255 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-1255 Référence CVE CVE-2023-1380 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-1380 Référence CVE CVE-2023-1838 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-1838 Référence CVE CVE-2023-2156 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2156 Référence CVE CVE-2023-23914 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-23914 Référence CVE CVE-2023-23915 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-23915 Référence CVE CVE-2023-23916 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-23916 Référence CVE CVE-2023-24329 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-24329 Référence CVE CVE-2023-2602 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2602 Référence CVE CVE-2023-2603 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2603 Référence CVE CVE-2023-2650 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2650 Référence CVE CVE-2023-27043 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-27043 Référence CVE CVE-2023-27533 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-27533 Référence CVE CVE-2023-27534 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-27534 Référence CVE CVE-2023-27535 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-27535 Référence CVE CVE-2023-27536 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-27536 Référence CVE CVE-2023-27538 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0969Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware

d?id=CVE-2023-24540 Référence CVE CVE-2023-24751 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-24751 Référence CVE CVE-2023-24752 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-24752 Référence CVE CVE-2023-24754 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-24754 Référence CVE CVE-2023-24755 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-24755 Référence CVE CVE-2023-24756 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-24756 Référence CVE CVE-2023-24757 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-24757 Référence CVE CVE-2023-24758 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-24758 Référence CVE CVE-2023-25193 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-25193 Référence CVE CVE-2023-2602 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2602 Référence CVE CVE-2023-2603 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2603 Référence CVE CVE-2023-2609 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2609 Référence CVE CVE-2023-2650 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2650 Référence CVE CVE-2023-26785 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-26785 Référence CVE CVE-2023-26965 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-26965 Référence CVE CVE-2023-27043 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-27043 Référence CVE CVE-2023-27102 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-27102 Référence CVE CVE-2023-2731 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0756Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware

d?id=CVE-2023-22066 Référence CVE CVE-2023-22068 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-22068 Référence CVE CVE-2023-22070 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-22070 Référence CVE CVE-2023-22078 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-22078 Référence CVE CVE-2023-22084 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-22084 Référence CVE CVE-2023-22097 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-22097 Référence CVE CVE-2023-22103 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-22103 Référence CVE CVE-2023-22114 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-22114 Référence CVE CVE-2023-24329 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-24329 Référence CVE CVE-2023-2602 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2602 Référence CVE CVE-2023-2603 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2603 Référence CVE CVE-2023-27043 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-27043 Référence CVE CVE-2023-27535 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-27535 Référence CVE CVE-2023-27536 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-27536 Référence CVE CVE-2023-27537 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-27537 Référence CVE CVE-2023-27538 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-27538 Référence CVE CVE-2023-28320 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-28320 Référence CVE CVE-2023-28321 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2023-AVI-0957Multiples vulnérabilités dans le noyau Linux de RedHat

.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-1206 Référence CVE CVE-2023-1252 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-1252 Référence CVE CVE-2023-1382 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-1382 Référence CVE CVE-2023-1855 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-1855 Référence CVE CVE-2023-1989 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-1989 Référence CVE CVE-2023-1998 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-1998 Référence CVE CVE-2023-22652 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-22652 Référence CVE CVE-2023-23455 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-23455 Référence CVE CVE-2023-2513 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2513 Référence CVE CVE-2023-2602 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2602 Référence CVE CVE-2023-2603 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2603 Référence CVE CVE-2023-26545 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-26545 Référence CVE CVE-2023-28328 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-28328 Référence CVE CVE-2023-28484 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-28484 Référence CVE CVE-2023-28772 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-28772 Référence CVE CVE-2023-29469 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-29469 Référence CVE CVE-2023-30456 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-30456 Référence CVE CVE-2023-31084 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2023-008113libcap の libcap 等複数ベンダの製品における有効期限後のメモリの解放の欠如に関する脆弱性

libcap の libcap 等複数ベンダの製品には、有効期限後のメモリの解放の欠如に関する脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Fix not verified
Affected
libcap: NA
Fixed
No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
Action
No verified patch reference is present in the current structured sources. Check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 6 Jun 2023 · Last source change 2 Aug 2024, 06:26 UTC · CWE-401 · Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceNIST NVD
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2023-34076
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Missing structured fields: affected product. Missing data is not evidence of low risk; review the primary advisory.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2023-34076↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Public exploit reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2023-2602 · cve.blacktree.nl