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Full vulnerability report · 2023
CVE-2023-21823High confidence

Microsoft Windows Graphic Component Privilege Escalation Vulnerability

Microsoft · Windows

7.8HighCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Patch now

CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2023-03-07 as the remediation due date.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityHighOperational priority:Critical, raised one band.upgradedsince 14 Feb 2023

Evidence used

  • CISA confirms exploitation in the wild.
  • Exploitation requires an existing local or physical foothold with privileges.
  • EPSS is 5.56% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
  • Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Microsoft Windows and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 3 daysRemediation target: Within 90 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2023-25989

CISA KEV mirrored by ENISA

Windows Graphics Component Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Recorded by ENISA since 14 Feb 2023. Evidence sources: cisa_kev.
ENISA score
7.8 · CVSS 3.1
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionPatch now

CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2023-03-07 as the remediation due date.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

Microsoft Windows Graphic Component contains an unspecified vulnerability that allows for privilege escalation.

What

Microsoft Windows Graphic Component contains an unspecified vulnerability that allows for privilege escalation.

Why

The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may gain additional privileges.

What

Microsoft Windows Graphic Component contains an unspecified vulnerability that allows for privilege escalation.

Why

The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may gain additional privileges.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Confirmed in the wild

CISA added this CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on 2023-02-14.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
local access → Integer Overflow or Wraparound → gain additional privileges
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-190 ↗

CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound. The product performs a calculation that can produce an integer overflow or wraparound when the logic assumes that the resulting value will always be larger than the original value. This occurs when an integer value is incremented to a value that is too large to store in the associated representation. When this occurs, the value may become a very small or negative number.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:H/RL:O/RC:C

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
Privilege escalationCWE-190CISA KEV
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2023-25989Known-exploited evidence recorded

Windows Graphics Component Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Official EUVD record ↗
BSI · German · WID-SEC-2023-0391Microsoft Office Produkte: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer oder authentisierter Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in verschiedenen Microsoft Office und SharePoint Produkten ausnutzen, um seine Privilegien zu erhöhen, beliebigen Code auszuführen, Sicherheitsmechanismen zu umgehen und Informationen offenzulegen.

Official advisory ↗
Canadian Centre for Cyber Security · English · AV23-088Microsoft security advisory – February 2023 monthly rollup (AV23-088)

On February 14, 2023, Microsoft published Security Updates to address vulnerabilities in multiple products. Included were critical updates for the following: Microsoft has indicated that CVE-2023-21823, CVE-2023-21715 and CVE-2023-23376 have been actively exploited.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20230215Security Bulletin 15 Feb 2023

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 15 Feb 2023, published on 15 February 2023. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2023-AVI-0129Multiples vulnérabilités dans Microsoft Office

De multiples vulnérabilités ont été corrigées dans Microsoft Office . Elles permettent à un attaquant de provoquer une usurpation d'identité, une élévation de privilèges, une atteinte à la confidentialité des données et une exécution de code à distance.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2023-AVI-0130Multiples vulnérabilités dans Microsoft Windows

février 2023 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-21817 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2023-21818 du 14 février 2023 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-21818 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2023-21819 du 14 février 2023 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-21819 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2023-21820 du 14 février 2023 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-21820 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2023-21822 du 14 février 2023 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-21822 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2023-21823 du 14 février 2023 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-21823 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2023-23376 du 14 février 2023 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2023-23376 Référence CVE CVE-2023-21684 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-21684 Référence CVE CVE-2023-21685 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-21685 Référence CVE CVE-2023-21686 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-21686 Référence CVE CVE-2023-21687 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-21687 Référence CVE CVE-2023-21688 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-21688 Référence CVE CVE-2023-21689 https://www.c

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2023-001252複数の Microsoft 製品におけるリモートでコードを実行される脆弱性

複数の Microsoft 製品には、Windows グラフィックスコンポーネントに不備があるため、リモートでコードを実行される脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
KISA KrCERT/CC · Korean · KNVD-5870MS 2월 보안 위협에 따른 정기 보안 업데이트 권고

23-Feb [4] https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide o 취약점 요약 정보 제품 카테고리 CVE 번호 CVE 제목 Visual Studio CVE-2023-41953 GitHub: CVE-2022-41953 Git GUI Clone 원격 코드 실행 취약점 3D Builder CVE-2023-23390 3D Builder 원격 코드 실행 취약점 Azure Machine Learning CVE-2023-23382 Azure 기계 학습 컴퓨팅 인스턴스 정보 공개 취약점 Visual Studio CVE-2023-23381 Visual Studio 원격 코드 실행 취약점 Microsoft Defender for IoT CVE-2023-23379 IoT용 Microsoft Defender에서 발생하는 권한 상승 취약점 3D Builder CVE-2023-23378 Print 3D 원격 코드 실행 취약점 3D Builder CVE-2023-23377 3D Builder 원격 코드 실행 취약점 Windows Common Log File System Driver CVE-2023-23376 Windows Common Log File System Driver 권한 상승 취약점 Microsoft Graphics Component CVE-2023-21823 Windows 그래픽 구성 요소 원격 코드 실행 취약점 Windows Win32K CVE-2023-21822 Windows 그래픽 구성 요소 권한 상승 취약점 Windows Distributed File System (DFS) CVE-2023-21820 Windows 분산 파일 시스템(DFS) 원격 코드 실행 취약점 Windows Cryptographic Services CVE-2023-21819 Windows 보안 채널 서비스 거부 취약점 Windows SChannel CVE-2023-21818 Windows 보안 채널 서비스 거부 취약점 Windows Kerberos CVE-2023-21817 Windows Kerberos 권한 상승 취약점 Windows Active Directory CVE-2023-21816 Windows Active Directory 도메인 서비스 API 서비스 거부 취약점 Visual Studio CVE-2023-21815 Visual Studio 원격 코드 실행 취약점 Windows Cryptographic Services CVE-2023-21813 Windows 보안 채널 서비스 거부 취약점 Windows Common Log File System Driver CVE-2023-21812 Windows Common L

Official advisory ↗
KISA KrCERT/CC · Korean · KNVD-5869현재 악용되고 있는 Exploit(Update. 2023-02-14)

Microsoft Windows Graphic Component contains an unspecified vulnerability which allows for privilege escalation.

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
Fixed
An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 14 Feb 2023 · Last source change 19 Aug 2026, 16:27 UTC · CWE-190 · Integer Overflow or Wraparound

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2023-25989
Product sourceCISA KEV
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceOther authority
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    16.0.1 < 16.0.16130.20156; 2.0.0 < 2.70.23021003; 16.0.1 < 16.0.14326.21330; 10.0.10240.0 < 10.0.10240.19747; 10.0.14393.0 < 10.0.14393.5717; 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.4010; 10.0.0 < 10.0.17763.4010; 10.0.0 < 10.0.19042.2604 · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
    After
    Microsoft Office for Android: 16.0.1 < 16.0.16130.20156; Microsoft Office for iOS: 2.0.0 < 2.70.23021003; Microsoft Office for Universal: 16.0.1 < 16.0.14326.21330; Windows 10 Version 1507: 10.0.10240.0 < 10.0.10240.19747; Windows 10 Version 1607: 10.0.14393.0 < 10.0.14393.5717; Windows 10 Version 1809: 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.4010, 10.0.0 < 10.0.17763.4010; Windows 10 Version 20H2: 10.0.0 < 10.0.19042.2604; Windows 10 Version 21H2: 10.0.19043.0 < 10.0.19044.2604; Windows 10 Version 22H2: 10.0.19045.0 < 10.0.19045.2604; Windows 11 version 21H2: 10.0.0 < 10.0.22621.1574; Windows 11 version 22H2: 10.0.22621.0 < 10.0.22621.1265; Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2: 6.0.6003.0 < 6.0.6003.21915; Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1: 6.1.7601.0 < 6.1.7601.26366; Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation): 6.1.7601.0 < 6.1.7601.26366; Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2: 6.0.6003.0 < 6.0.6003.21915; Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation): 6.0.6003.0 < 6.0.6003.21915; Windows Server 2012: 6.2.9200.0 < 6.2.9200.24116; Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation): 6.2.9200.0 < 6.2.9200.24116; Windows Server 2012 R2: 6.3.9600.0 < 6.3.9600.20821; Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation): 6.3.9600.0 < 6.3.9600.20821; Windows Server 2016: 10.0.14393.0 < 10.0.14393.5717; Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation): 10.0.14393.0 < 10.0.14393.5717; Windows Server 2019: 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.4010; Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation): 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.4010; Windows Server 2022: 10.0.20348.0 < 10.0.20348.1547 · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
    CNA ↗
  2. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    16.0.1 < 16.0.16130.20156; 16.0.1 < 16.0.14326.21330; 2.0.0 < 2.70.23021003; 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.4010; 10.0.0 < 10.0.17763.4010; 10.0.20348.0 < 10.0.20348.1547 · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
    After
    16.0.1 < 16.0.16130.20156; 2.0.0 < 2.70.23021003; 16.0.1 < 16.0.14326.21330; 10.0.10240.0 < 10.0.10240.19747; 10.0.14393.0 < 10.0.14393.5717; 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.4010; 10.0.0 < 10.0.17763.4010; 10.0.0 < 10.0.19042.2604 · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
    CNA ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Added to CISA KEV
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2023-25989↗CISA KEV record↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2023-21823 · cve.blacktree.nl