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Full vulnerability report · 2023
CVE-2022-48566High confidence

An issue was discovered in compare_digest in Lib/hmac.py in Python through 3.9.1

n/a · n/a

5.9MediumCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Select the national-authority views to include. The exact source language is shown on each matched advisory. Your choice is remembered on this device and encoded in the shareable URL.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2022-51262

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

An issue was discovered in compare_digest in Lib/hmac.py in Python through 3.9.1. Constant-time-defeating optimisations were possible in the accumulator variable in hmac.compare_digest.

What

An issue was discovered in compare_digest in Lib/hmac.py in Python through 3.9.1. Constant-time-defeating optimisations were possible in the accumulator variable in hmac.compare_digest.

Why

The product contains a concurrent code sequence that requires temporary, exclusive access to a shared resource, but a timing window exists in which the shared resource can be modified by another code sequence operating concurrently.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

An issue was discovered in compare_digest in Lib/hmac.py in Python through 3.9.1. Constant-time-defeating optimisations were possible in the accumulator variable in hmac.compare_digest.

Why

The product contains a concurrent code sequence that requires temporary, exclusive access to a shared resource, but a timing window exists in which the shared resource can be modified by another code sequence operating concurrently.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
a network path → Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition') → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
High: exploitation depends on specific conditions
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-362 ↗

CWE-362: Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition'). The product contains a concurrent code sequence that requires temporary, exclusive access to a shared resource, but a timing window exists in which the shared resource can be modified by another code sequence operating concurrently.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACHighAttack complexity: Successful exploitation depends on specific conditions outside the attacker's direct control.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.INoneIntegrity impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.ANoneAvailability impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticatedCWE-362Public exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-W-2023-2119Python: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Python ausnutzen, um einen Denial-of-Service-Zustand herbeizuführen, Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen, Dateien zu manipulieren oder vertrauliche Informationen offenzulegen.

Official advisory
BSI · German · WID-SEC-W-2025-0225Dell PowerProtect Data Domain: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Dell PowerProtect Data Domain ausnutzen, um erhöhte Rechte zu erlangen, einen Denial-of-Service-Zustand herbeizuführen und einen nicht näher spezifizierten Angriff durchzuführen.

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0864Multiples vulnérabilités dans VMware Tanzu

VERecord?id=CVE-2022-3996 Référence CVE CVE-2022-40735 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-40735 Référence CVE CVE-2022-4203 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-4203 Référence CVE CVE-2022-4304 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-4304 Référence CVE CVE-2022-4450 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-4450 Référence CVE CVE-2022-45061 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-45061 Référence CVE CVE-2022-48560 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-48560 Référence CVE CVE-2022-48564 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-48564 Référence CVE CVE-2022-48565 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-48565 Référence CVE CVE-2022-48566 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-48566 Référence CVE CVE-2023-0215 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-0215 Référence CVE CVE-2023-0216 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-0216 Référence CVE CVE-2023-0217 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-0217 Référence CVE CVE-2023-0286 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-0286 Référence CVE CVE-2023-0401 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-0401 Référence CVE CVE-2023-0464 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-0464 Référence CVE CVE-2023-0465 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-0465 Référence CVE CVE-2023-0466 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-0466 R

Official advisory
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0214Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM

ord?id=CVE-2022-35737 Référence CVE CVE-2022-38900 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-38900 Référence CVE CVE-2022-41854 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-41854 Référence CVE CVE-2022-45061 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-45061 Référence CVE CVE-2022-46175 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-46175 Référence CVE CVE-2022-4742 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-4742 Référence CVE CVE-2022-48560 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-48560 Référence CVE CVE-2022-48564 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-48564 Référence CVE CVE-2022-48565 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-48565 Référence CVE CVE-2022-48566 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-48566 Référence CVE CVE-2022-49043 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-49043 Référence CVE CVE-2023-24329 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-24329 Référence CVE CVE-2023-27043 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-27043 Référence CVE CVE-2023-2976 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-2976 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32573 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32573 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32762 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32762 Référence CVE CVE-2023-32763 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-32763 Référence CVE CVE-2023-36632 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CV

Official advisory
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
n/a
Fixed
An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 22 Aug 2023 · Last source change 3 Oct 2024, 14:08 UTC · CWE-362 · Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceNIST NVD
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2022-51262
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceNIST NVD
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates →

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2022-51262↗CISA Vulnrichment SSVC evidence↗Public exploit reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2022-48566 · cve.blacktree.nl