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Full vulnerability report · 2022
CVE-2022-41091High confidence

Microsoft Windows Mark of the Web (MOTW) Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability

Microsoft · Windows

5.4MediumCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Patch now

CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2022-12-09 as the remediation due date.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityMediumOperational priority:Critical, raised 2 bands.upgradedsince 8 Nov 2022

Evidence used

  • CISA confirms exploitation in the wild.
  • EPSS is 1.81% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Microsoft Windows and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 3 daysRemediation target: Within 90 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2022-44334

CISA KEV mirrored by ENISA

Windows Mark of the Web Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Recorded by ENISA since 8 Nov 2022. Evidence sources: cisa_kev.
ENISA score
5.4 · CVSS 3.1
Advisory evidence
1 linked advisory record
Recommended actionPatch now

CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2022-12-09 as the remediation due date.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

Microsoft Windows Mark of the Web (MOTW) contains a security feature bypass vulnerability resulting in a limited loss of integrity and availability of security features.

What

Microsoft Windows Mark of the Web (MOTW) contains a security feature bypass vulnerability resulting in a limited loss of integrity and availability of security features.

Why

The application performs an authorisation check, but it does not correctly enforce the required permission boundary.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication after a user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

Microsoft Windows Mark of the Web (MOTW) contains a security feature bypass vulnerability resulting in a limited loss of integrity and availability of security features.

Why

The application performs an authorisation check, but it does not correctly enforce the required permission boundary.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication after a user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Confirmed in the wild

CISA added this CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on 2022-11-08. Known ransomware campaign use is recorded.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
a network path → Incorrect Authorization → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
Required interaction required
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-863 ↗

CWE-863: Incorrect Authorization. The product performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action, but it does not correctly perform the check.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L/E:U/RL:O/RC:C

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UIRequiredUser interaction: Another user must perform an action for exploitation to succeed.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CNoneConfidentiality impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.ILowIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.ALowAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticatedCWE-863CISA KEV
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2022-44334Known-exploited evidence recorded

Windows Mark of the Web Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability

Official EUVD record ↗
Canadian Centre for Cyber Security · English · AV22-627Microsoft security advisory – November 2022 monthly rollup (AV22-627)

On 8 November 2022, Microsoft published Security Updates to address vulnerabilities in multiple products. Included were critical updates for the following: Microsoft has indicated that CVE-2022-41091, CVE-2022-41128, CVE-2022-41073 and CVE-2022-41125 have been actively exploited.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20221116Security Bulletin 16 Nov 2022

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 16 Nov 2022, published on 16 November 2022. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2022-AVI-1012Multiples vulnérabilités dans Microsoft Windows

mbre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41058 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2022-41073 du 08 novembre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41073 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2022-41086 du 08 novembre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41086 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2022-41088 du 08 novembre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41088 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2022-41090 du 08 novembre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41090 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2022-41091 du 08 novembre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41091 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2022-41092 du 08 novembre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41092 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2022-41093 du 08 novembre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41093 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2022-41095 du 08 novembre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41095 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2022-41096 du 08 novembre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41096 Bulletin de sécurité

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2022-AVI-1014Multiples vulnérabilités dans Microsoft Azure

mbre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41073 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2022-41085 du 08 novembre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41085 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2022-41086 du 08 novembre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41086 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2022-41088 du 08 novembre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41088 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2022-41090 du 08 novembre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41090 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2022-41091 du 08 novembre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41091 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2022-41092 du 08 novembre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41092 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2022-41093 du 08 novembre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41093 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2022-41097 du 08 novembre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41097 Bulletin de sécurité Microsoft CVE-2022-41098 du 08 novembre 2022 https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-41098 Bulletin de sécurité

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2022-002728複数の Microsoft Windows 製品 におけるセキュリティ機能を回避される脆弱性

複数の Microsoft Windows 製品には、Windows Mark of the Web に不備があるため、セキュリティ機能を回避される脆弱性が存在します。 本脆弱性は、CVE-2022-41049 とは異なる脆弱性です。

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2022-002702複数の Microsoft Windows 製品におけるセキュリティ機能を回避される脆弱性

Microsoft Windows 10、Windows 11、Windows Server には、Windows Mark Of The Web に不備があるため、セキュリティ機能を回避される脆弱性が存在します。 本脆弱性は、CVE-2022-41091 とは異なる脆弱性です。

Official advisory ↗
KISA KrCERT/CC · Korean · KNVD-5771MS 11월 보안 위협에 따른 정기 보안 업데이트 권고

호출) 권한 상승 취약성 Windows Bind Filter Driver CVE-2022-41114 Windows Bind Filter 드라이버 권한 상승 취약성 Windows CNG Key Isolation Service CVE-2022-41125 Windows CNG 키 격리 서비스 권한 상승 취약성 Windows Win32K CVE-2022-41098 Windows GDI+ 정보 유출 취약성 Windows HTTP.sys CVE-2022-41057 Windows HTTP.sys 권한 상승 취약성 Role: Windows Hyper-V CVE-2022-38015 Windows Hyper-V 서비스 거부 취약성 Windows Kerberos CVE-2022-37966 Windows Kerberos RC4-HMAC 권한 상승 취약성 Windows Kerberos CVE-2022-37967 Windows Kerberos 권한 상승 취약성 Windows Kerberos CVE-2022-41053 Windows Kerberos 서비스 거부 취약성 Windows Local Session Manager (LSM) CVE-2022-37973 Windows LSM(로컬 세션 관리자) 서비스 거부 취약성 Windows Mark of the Web (MOTW) CVE-2022-41091 Windows Mark of the Web 보안 기능 우회 취약성 Windows Mark of the Web (MOTW) CVE-2022-41049 Windows Mark of the Web 보안 기능 우회 취약성 Windows Network Address Translation (NAT) CVE-2022-41058 Windows NAT(Network Address Translation) 서비스 거부 취약성 Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) CVE-2022-41054 Windows ReFS(복원 파일 시스템) 권한 상승 취약성 Microsoft Graphics Component CVE-2022-41113 Windows Win32 커널 하위 시스템 권한 상승 취약성 Windows Win32K CVE-2022-41092 Windows Win32k 권한 상승 취약성 Windows Win32K CVE-2022-41109 Windows Win32k 권한 상승 취약성 Windows Extensible File Allocation CVE-2022-41050 Windows exFAT(Extensible File Allocation Table) 권한 상승 취약성 Microsoft Graphics Component CVE-2022-

Official advisory ↗
KISA KrCERT/CC · Korean · KNVD-5770현재 악용되고 있는 Exploit(Update. 2022-11-08)

Microsoft Windows Mark of the Web (MOTW) contains a security feature bypass vulnerability resulting in a limited loss of integrity and availability of security features.

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
Fixed
An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 9 Nov 2022 · Last source change 10 Aug 2026, 15:11 UTC · CWE-863 · Incorrect Authorization

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.2
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2022-44334
Product sourceCISA KEV
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCISA ADP
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    10.0.10240.0 < 10.0.10240.19567; 10.0.14393.0 < 10.0.14393.5501; 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.3650; 10.0.0 < 10.0.17763.3650; 10.0.0 < 10.0.19042.2251; 10.0.0 < 10.0.19043.2251; 10.0.19043.0 < 10.0.19044.2251; 10.0.19045.0 < 10.0.19045.2251 · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
    After
    Windows 10 Version 1507: 10.0.10240.0 < 10.0.10240.19567; Windows 10 Version 1607: 10.0.14393.0 < 10.0.14393.5501; Windows 10 Version 1809: 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.3650, 10.0.0 < 10.0.17763.3650; Windows 10 Version 20H2: 10.0.0 < 10.0.19042.2251; Windows 10 Version 21H1: 10.0.0 < 10.0.19043.2251; Windows 10 Version 21H2: 10.0.19043.0 < 10.0.19044.2251; Windows 10 Version 22H2: 10.0.19045.0 < 10.0.19045.2251; Windows 11 version 21H2: 10.0.0 < 10.0.22000.1219; Windows 11 version 22H2: 10.0.22621.0 < 10.0.22621.819; Windows Server 2016: 10.0.14393.0 < 10.0.14393.5501; Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation): 10.0.14393.0 < 10.0.14393.5501; Windows Server 2019: 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.3650; Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation): 10.0.17763.0 < 10.0.17763.3650; Windows Server 2022: 10.0.20348.0 < 10.0.20348.1249 · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
    CNA ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Added to CISA KEV
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2022-44334↗CISA KEV record↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2022-41091 · cve.blacktree.nl