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Full vulnerability report · 2023
CVE-2022-3916High confidence

Keycloak: session takeover with oidc offline refreshtokens

Red Hat · Red Hat Single Sign-On 7

Official source articles: Red Hat RHSA-2022:8961 ↗ · Red Hat RHSA-2022:8962 ↗ · Red Hat RHSA-2022:8963 ↗ · Red Hat RHSA-2022:8964 ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.

6.8MediumCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Scheduled

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityMediumOperational priority:Medium, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • EPSS is 0.95% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Red Hat Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: As exposure requiresRemediation target: Within 365 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Direct vendor intelligence

Authoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories

Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.

1 current
CVE-2022-3916 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product Securitykeycloak: Session takeover with OIDC offline refreshtokens
26 fixed

The vendor explicitly identifies these products or versions as containing the fix.

  • rh-sso7-keycloak-0:18.0.3-1.redhat_00002.1.el7sso.noarch as a component of Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.6 for RHEL 7 Server
  • rh-sso7-keycloak-0:18.0.3-1.redhat_00002.1.el7sso.src as a component of Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.6 for RHEL 7 Server
  • rh-sso7-keycloak-0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso.noarch as a component of Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.6 for RHEL 7 Server
  • rh-sso7-keycloak-0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso.src as a component of Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.6 for RHEL 7 Server
  • rh-sso7-keycloak-server-0:18.0.3-1.redhat_00002.1.el7sso.noarch as a component of Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.6 for RHEL 7 Server
  • rh-sso7-keycloak-server-0:18.0.6-1.redhat_00001.1.el7sso.noarch as a component of Red Hat Single Sign-On 7.6 for RHEL 7 Server
  • rh-sso-7/sso76-openshift-rhel8@sha256:10450cf7e28d9b1628e95867562763019181a9a980e6e465fe69faf056a1cb60_ppc64le as a component of Middleware Containers for OpenShift
  • rh-sso-7/sso76-openshift-rhel8@sha256:19520720c6ff7acbfb4c8b1bc0d9353c2205bb640405f1d08f70ee14061f190f_amd64 as a component of Middleware Containers for OpenShift
  • rh-sso-7/sso76-openshift-rhel8@sha256:1aa23cf8a82b4f699d2d8bc7972aa65fe683e957668a0140f464a21dbf236e31_ppc64le as a component of Middleware Containers for OpenShift
  • rh-sso-7/sso76-openshift-rhel8@sha256:31631c33fd718bddbdbff029f31e5ee243a797f7decea47b69cd751d72328e50_amd64 as a component of Middleware Containers for OpenShift
  • rh-sso-7/sso76-openshift-rhel8@sha256:77e19865fa9031305daa8c9872eb273c6442748a9cd3d6628309721fbf781c21_s390x as a component of Middleware Containers for OpenShift
  • rh-sso-7/sso76-openshift-rhel8@sha256:afa186d6a7adbdc1e0c9e7decea7f8bc8c53b1076884a190014a143d9c4a05ac_s390x as a component of Middleware Containers for OpenShift
Summary
A flaw was found in the offline_access scope in Keycloak. This issue would affect users of shared computers more (especially if cookies are not cleared), due to a lack of root session validation, and the reuse of session ids across root and user authentication sessions. This enables an attacker to resolve a user session attached to a previously authenticated user; when utilizing the refresh token, they will be issued a token for the original user.
Remediation
For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2022-7575

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionScheduled

Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

A flaw was found in the offline_access scope in Keycloak. This issue would affect users of shared computers more (especially if cookies are not cleared), due to a lack of root session validation, and the reuse of session ids across root and user authentication sessions. This enables an attacker to resolve a user session attached to a previously authenticated user; when utilizing the refresh token, they will be issued a token for the original user.

What

A flaw was found in the offline_access scope in Keycloak. This issue would affect users of shared computers more (especially if cookies are not cleared), due to a lack of root session validation, and the reuse of session ids across root and user authentication sessions. This enables an attacker to resolve a user session attached to a previously authenticated user; when utilizing the refresh token, they will be issued a token for the original user.

Why

Authenticating a user, or otherwise establishing a new user session, without invalidating any existing session identifier gives an attacker the opportunity to steal authenticated sessions.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

A flaw was found in the offline_access scope in Keycloak. This issue would affect users of shared computers more (especially if cookies are not cleared), due to a lack of root session validation, and the reuse of session ids across root and user authentication sessions. This enables an attacker to resolve a user session attached to a previously authenticated user; when utilizing the refresh token, they will be issued a token for the original user.

Why

Authenticating a user, or otherwise establishing a new user session, without invalidating any existing session identifier gives an attacker the opportunity to steal authenticated sessions.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
a network path → Session Fixation → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
High: exploitation depends on specific conditions
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-384 ↗

CWE-384: Session Fixation. Authenticating a user, or otherwise establishing a new user session, without invalidating any existing session identifier gives an attacker the opportunity to steal authenticated sessions.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACHighAttack complexity: Successful exploitation depends on specific conditions outside the attacker's direct control.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.ANoneAvailability impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
Stolen credentials, tokens and legitimate administration functions may provide continued access without deploying a large custom toolset.
NetworkCWE-384
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2022-2009Keycloak: Schwachstelle ermöglicht Umgehen von Sicherheitsvorkehrungen

Ein entfernter, authentisierter Angreifer kann eine Schwachstelle in Keycloak ausnutzen, um Sicherheitsvorkehrungen zu umgehen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20230927Security Bulletin 27 Sep 2023

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 27 Sep 2023, published on 27 September 2023. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2022-024519複数のレッドハット製品におけるセッション期限に関する脆弱性

Keycloak、Single Sign-On、Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 等複数のレッドハット製品には、セッション期限に関する脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
See the vendor and CVE records for the affected range.
Fixed
Action
For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 20 Sept 2023 · Last source change 3 Aug 2024, 01:20 UTC · CWE-384 · Session Fixation

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2022-7575
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Missing structured fields: affected versions. Missing data is not evidence of low risk; review the primary advisory.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2022-7575↗Vendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security↗CVE authority or vendor reference · Red Hat RHSA-2022:8961↗Vendor advisory · Red Hat RHSA-2022:8962↗Vendor advisory · Red Hat RHSA-2022:8963↗Vendor advisory · Red Hat RHSA-2022:8964↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2022-3916 · cve.blacktree.nl