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Full vulnerability report · 2022
CVE-2022-22963High confidence

VMware Tanzu Spring Cloud Function Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

VMware Tanzu · Spring Cloud

9.8CriticalCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Patch now

CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2022-09-15 as the remediation due date.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityCriticalOperational priority:Critical, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • CISA confirms exploitation in the wild.
  • A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
  • The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
  • EPSS is 99.94% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs VMware Tanzu Spring Cloud and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 3 daysRemediation target: Within 90 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Open-source package ranges2 source-attributed ranges

These OSV and GitHub advisory ranges apply only to the named package and ecosystem. A listed fixed version is not a universal product patch or proof that an update is installed.

Ecosystem and packageAffected rangeFirst fixed versionEvidence
mavenorg.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-function-context>= 3.2.0, < 3.2.33.2.3GitHub advisory ↗github reviewed aggregator · 22 Oct 2025
mavenorg.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-function-context< 3.1.73.1.7GitHub advisory ↗github reviewed aggregator · 22 Oct 2025
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2022-1654

CISA KEV mirrored by ENISA

In Spring Cloud Function versions 3.1.6, 3.2.2 and older unsupported versions, when using routing functionality it is possible for a user to provide a specially crafted SpEL as a routing-expression that may result in remote code execution and access to local resources.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Recorded by ENISA since 25 Aug 2022. Evidence sources: cisa_kev.
ENISA score
9.8 · CVSS 3.1
Advisory evidence
4 linked advisory records
Recommended actionPatch now

CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2022-09-15 as the remediation due date.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

When using routing functionality in VMware Tanzu's Spring Cloud Function, it is possible for a user to provide a specially crafted SpEL as a routing-expression that may result in remote code execution and access to local resources.

What

When using routing functionality in VMware Tanzu's Spring Cloud Function, it is possible for a user to provide a specially crafted SpEL as a routing-expression that may result in remote code execution and access to local resources.

Why

Untrusted data can cross into a code-evaluation path and be interpreted as executable instructions.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may execute code or commands in the affected security context.

What

When using routing functionality in VMware Tanzu's Spring Cloud Function, it is possible for a user to provide a specially crafted SpEL as a routing-expression that may result in remote code execution and access to local resources.

Why

Untrusted data can cross into a code-evaluation path and be interpreted as executable instructions.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may execute code or commands in the affected security context.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Confirmed in the wild

CISA added this CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on 2022-08-25.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
a network path → Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') → execute code or commands in the affected security context
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-94 ↗

CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection'). The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
After compromise, an attacker may use built-in shells, scripting engines, scheduled tasks and native network utilities for discovery, persistence or movement. This is a plausible LoTL path, not evidence that it has occurred for every attack.
NetworkUnauthenticatedRemote code executionCWE-94CISA KEVPublic exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2022-1654Known-exploited evidence recorded

In Spring Cloud Function versions 3.1.6, 3.2.2 and older unsupported versions, when using routing functionality it is possible for a user to provide a specially crafted SpEL as a routing-expression that may result in remote code execution and access to local resources.

Official EUVD record ↗
BSI · German · WID-SEC-2022-1375JFrog Artifactory: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in JFrog Artifactory ausnutzen, um seine Privilegien zu erweitern, beliebigen Code auszuführen, Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen, vertrauliche Informationen offenzulegen und einen Denial-of-Service-Zustand auszulösen.

Official advisory ↗
Canadian Centre for Cyber Security · English · AV22-175Fortinet security advisory (AV22-175)

On 1 April 2022 Fortinet published PSIRT Advisories to address vulnerabilities affecting multiple products: Spring4Shell and CVE-2022-22963 vulnerabilities

Official advisory ↗
Canadian Centre for Cyber Security · English · AL22-004Spring remote code execution vulnerabilities

On 30 March 2022, security researchers disclosed proof-of-concept exploitation code online for a vulnerability in the Java Spring Framework on Java Development Kit (JDK) versions 9 and up. The existence of the vulnerability and potential for exploitation has since been independently confirmed Footnote 1 Footnote 2 Footnote 3 . Spring subsequently published a blog article to address the vulnerability, and has released patches, workarounds and methods to identify the vulnerability Footnote 4 . Spring published updates Footnote 5 to address vulnerabilities in Spring Cloud Function on 29 March, but it should be noted that these vulnerabilities are distinct from those in the Spring Core Framework.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20220406Security Bulletin 06 Apr 2022

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 06 Apr 2022, published on 6 April 2022. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2022-AVI-376Multiples vulnérabilités dans Fortinet FortiSOAR

De multiples vulnérabilités ont été découvertes dans Fortinet FortiSOAR. Elles permettent à un attaquant de provoquer une exécution de code arbitraire à distance.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2022-AVI-326Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits SolarWinds

De multiples vulnérabilités ont été découvertes dans les produits SolarWinds. Elles permettent à un attaquant de provoquer une exécution de code arbitraire à distance.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2022-AVI-287Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware

De multiples vulnérabilités ont été découvertes dans les produits VMware. Elles permettent à un attaquant de provoquer une atteinte à la confidentialité des données, une atteinte à l'intégrité des données et un déni de service à distance.

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2022-011452Spring Cloud Function における言語構文の表現に使用される特殊な要素の不適切な無効化に関する脆弱性

Spring Cloud Function には、言語構文の表現に使用される特殊な要素の不適切な無効化に関する脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2022-001498Spring Framework における不適切なデータバインディング処理による任意コード実行の脆弱性

Spring Framework は、Java 言語で Web アプリケーションなどを作成するために用いられるフレームワークです。Spring Framework には、データバインディングで使用する、CachedIntrospectionResults クラス内の PropertyDescriptor オブジェクトを安全に処理しない脆弱性（CVE-2022-22965）があります。その結果、攻撃者により class.classLoader を呼び出され、システム内で任意の Java コードが実行される可能性があります。 2010年に同種の脆弱性が CVE-2010-1622 として報告され、Spring Framework 2.5.6.SEC02 において修正されました。今回報告された CVE-2022-22965 はこの修正を回避する新たな攻撃手法を提供するものです。 なお、VMWare によると本脆弱性を悪用する攻撃を成功させるためには複数の条件が必要であることが示唆されています。2022年4月1日現在、同社が報告を受けた攻撃シナリオにおいては、以下の条件が必要であったとのことです。 　* JDK 9 以上を使用している 　* Apache Tomcat をサーブレットコンテナとして使用している 　* WAR 形式でデプロイされている 　* プログラムが spring-webmvc あるいは spring-webflux に依存している ただし、上記以外にも攻撃が成功するための条件が存在する可能性があります。今後公開される情報を注視してください。

Official advisory ↗
KISA KrCERT/CC · Korean · KNVD-5873최근 해킹 공격에 활용되는 취약점 보안 업데이트 권고

r에서 OGNL 인젝션으로 인해 발생하는 원격코드실행 취약점(CVE-2021-26084)[10] ㅇ BIG-IP에서 iControl REST 인증 미흡으로 인해 발생하는 불충분한 인가 취약점(CVE-2022-1388)[11] ㅇ BIG-IP, BIG-IQ의 iControl REST 인터페이스에서 발생하는 원격 코드 실행 취약점(CVE-2021-22986)[12] ㅇ Grafana 소프트웨어에서 경로탐색(Directory Traversal)으로 인해 발생하는 정보노출 취약점(CVE-2021-43798)[13] ㅇ Inspur ClusterEngine V4.0에서 발생하는 원격 코드 실행 취약점(CVE-2020-21224)[14] ㅇ Oracle WebLogic Server에서 발생하는 원격 코드 실행 취약점(CVE-2021-2109)[15] ㅇ SMBv3 프로토콜이 조작된 패킷을 처리할 때 버퍼오버플로우로 인해 발생하는 원격코드실행 취약점(CVE-2020-0796)[16] ㅇ Spring Cloud Gateway에서 발생하는 원격코드 실행 취약점(CVE-2022-22947)[17] ㅇ Spring Core에서 발생하는 원격코드실행 취약점(CVE-2022-22965)[18] ㅇ Spring Cloud Function에서 발생하는 원격코드실행 취약점(CVE-2022-22963)[18] ㅇ VMware vCenter Server 원격 코드 실행 취약점(CVE-2021-21972)[19] ㅇ VMware vCenter Server 에서 발생하는 파일 업로드 취약점(CVE-2021-22005)[20] ㅇ VMware Workspace ONE Access와 Identity Manager에서 발생하는 원격 코드 실행 취약점(CVE-2022-22954)[21] ㅇ WebLogic Server에서 안전하지 않은 역직렬화로 인해 발생하는 인증 우회 및 원격코드 실행 취약점(CVE-2019-2725)[22] ㅇ WSO2에서 발생하는 원격코드 실행 취약점(CVE-2022-29464)[23] ##### □ 해결 방안 o 취약점별 참고사이트[1]~[23]에 명시되어 있는 내용을 참조하여 업데이트 수행 ##### □ 기타 문의사항 o 한국인터넷진흥원 사이버민원센터: 국번없이 118 [참고사이트] [1] https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2021-45232 [2] https://boho.or.kr/data/secNoticeView.do?bulletin_writing_sequence=36279 [3] https://boho.or.kr/data/secNoticeView.do?bulleti

Official advisory ↗
KISA KrCERT/CC · Korean · KNVD-5710현재 악용되고 있는 Exploit(Update. 2022-08-25)

When using routing functionality in VMware Tanzu's Spring Cloud Function, it is possible for a user to provide a specially crafted SpEL as a routing-expression that may result in remote code execution and access to local resources.

Official advisory ↗
KISA KrCERT/CC · Korean · KNVD-5559Spring Java 프레임워크 보안 업데이트 권고(CVE-2022-22965, CVE-2022-22963) (Update. 22-4-6 15:00)

#### Spring Java 프레임워크 보안 업데이트 권고(CVE-2022-22965, CVE-2022-22963) (Update. 22-4-6 15:00) 2022.03.31 2022-3-31 : Spring4Shell, CVE-2022-22963 취약점 보안 업데이트 2022-4-1 : CVE-2022-22965(Spring4Shell) 취약점 보안 업데이트 추가 2022-4-6 : 제조사별 현황 추가 ##### □ 개요 o Spring 보안팀에서 Spring 프레임워크 및 Spring Cloud Function 관련 원격코드 실행 취약점을 해결한 임시조치 방안 및 보안업데이트 권고 o 공격자는 해당 취약점을 이용하여 정상 서비스에 피해를 발생시킬 수 있으므로, 최신 버전으로 업데이트 권고 ※ 참고 사이트[5]를 확인하여 해당 제품을 이용 중일 경우, 해당 제조사의 권고에 따라 패치 또는 대응 방안 적용 ##### □ 주요 내용 o Spring Core에서 발생하는 원격코드실행 취약점( CVE-2022-22965 )[1] o Spring Cloud Function에서 발생하는 원격코드실행 취약점 (CVE-2022-22963)[2] ##### □ 영향을 받는 버전 o CVE-2022-22965 (Spring4Shell) - 1) JDK 9 이상의 2) Spring 프레임워크 사용하는 경우 - Spring Framework 5.3.0 ~ 5.3.17, 5.

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
Spring Cloud Function: Spring Cloud Function versions 3.1.6, 3.2.2 and all old and unsupported versions
Fixed
An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 1 Apr 2022 · Last source change 21 Oct 2025, 23:15 UTC · CWE-94 · Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceNIST NVD
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2022-1654
Product sourceCISA KEV
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    Spring Cloud Function versions 3.1.6, 3.2.2 and all old and unsupported versions · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
    After
    Spring Cloud Function: Spring Cloud Function versions 3.1.6, 3.2.2 and all old and unsupported versions · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
    CNA ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Added to CISA KEV
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2022-1654↗CISA KEV record↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Patch or update reference↗Patch or update reference↗Public exploit reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2022-22963 · cve.blacktree.nl