BlackTreeCVE Intelligence
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Full vulnerability report · 2021
CVE-2021-23440High confidence

Prototype Pollution

Unknown · set-value

7.3HighCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

High technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityHighOperational priority:Critical, raised one band.upgradedsince 16 Sep 2024

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
  • The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
  • EPSS is 2.21% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Unknown set-value and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 3 daysRemediation target: Within 90 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Distribution package intelligence

Release-specific package status

Debian, ubuntu findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.

5 package states
Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Distribution releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Debian trixietrixie · sourcenode-set-valueVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.3.0.1-3Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Debian bookwormbookworm · sourcenode-set-valueVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.3.0.1-3Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Debian forkyforky · sourcenode-set-valueVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.3.0.1-3Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Debian sidsid · sourcenode-set-valueVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.3.0.1-3Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 6 Oct 2026
Ubuntu 24.04 LTSnoble · standard archivenode-set-valueUnder evaluationCanonical reports that the package might be affected and still needs evaluation or fixing.Not published in this feedCanonical Ubuntu Security ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Open-source package ranges4 source-attributed ranges

These OSV and GitHub advisory ranges apply only to the named package and ecosystem. A listed fixed version is not a universal product patch or proof that an update is installed.

Ecosystem and packageAffected rangeFirst fixed versionEvidence
NuGetset-value-nugetECOSYSTEM: introduced 0; fixed 2.0.02.0.0OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 14 Jan 2025
npmset-valueSEMVER: introduced 4.0.0; fixed 4.0.14.0.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 14 Jan 2025
npmset-valueSEMVER: introduced 0; fixed 2.0.12.0.1OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 14 Jan 2025
npmset-valueSEMVER: introduced 3.0.0; fixed 3.0.33.0.3OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 14 Jan 2025
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2021-1976

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

High technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

This affects the package set-value before <2.0.1, >=3.0.0 <4.0.1. A type confusion vulnerability can lead to a bypass of CVE-2019-10747 when the user-provided keys used in the path parameter are arrays.

What

This affects the package set-value before <2.0.1, >=3.0.0 <4.0.1. A type confusion vulnerability can lead to a bypass of CVE-2019-10747 when the user-provided keys used in the path parameter are arrays.

Why

The product allocates or initializes a resource such as a pointer, object, or variable using one type, but it later accesses that resource using a type that is incompatible with the original type.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

This affects the package set-value before <2.0.1, >=3.0.0 <4.0.1. A type confusion vulnerability can lead to a bypass of CVE-2019-10747 when the user-provided keys used in the path parameter are arrays.

Why

The product allocates or initializes a resource such as a pointer, object, or variable using one type, but it later accesses that resource using a type that is incompatible with the original type.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
a network path → Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion') → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-843 ↗

CWE-843: Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion'). The product allocates or initializes a resource such as a pointer, object, or variable using one type, but it later accesses that resource using a type that is incompatible with the original type.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CLowConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.ILowIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.ALowAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticatedCWE-843Public exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2022-1603IBM Tivoli Netcool/OMNIbus: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in IBM Tivoli Netcool/OMNIbus ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode auszuführen, Informationen offenzulegen, Dateien zu manipulieren oder einen Denial of Service Zustand herbeizuführen.

Official advisory ↗
BSI · German · WID-SEC-2024-1591Juniper JUNOS: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Juniper JUNOS ausnutzen, um einen Denial of Service zu verursachen, Informationen offenzulegen, Privilegien zu erweitern und Sicherheitsmechanismen inklusive zu umgehen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20210915Security Bulletin 15 Sep 2021

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 15 Sep 2021, published on 15 September 2021. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-1137Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM

.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2015-8388 Référence CVE CVE-2015-8390 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2015-8390 Référence CVE CVE-2015-8391 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2015-8391 Référence CVE CVE-2015-8392 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2015-8392 Référence CVE CVE-2015-8393 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2015-8393 Référence CVE CVE-2015-8394 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2015-8394 Référence CVE CVE-2015-8395 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2015-8395 Référence CVE CVE-2018-25032 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2018-25032 Référence CVE CVE-2020-14155 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-14155 Référence CVE CVE-2021-23440 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-23440 Référence CVE CVE-2022-3171 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-3171 Référence CVE CVE-2022-3509 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-3509 Référence CVE CVE-2022-3510 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-3510 Référence CVE CVE-2022-37434 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-37434 Référence CVE CVE-2023-1370 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-1370 Référence CVE CVE-2023-22049 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-22049 Référence CVE CVE-2023-22067 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-22067 Référence CVE CVE-2023-22081 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2024-AVI-0575Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Juniper Networks

e.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-36049 Référence CVE CVE-2020-6829 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-6829 Référence CVE CVE-2020-7660 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-7660 Référence CVE CVE-2020-7754 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-7754 Référence CVE CVE-2020-7774 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-7774 Référence CVE CVE-2020-8648 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-8648 Référence CVE CVE-2020-9490 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-9490 Référence CVE CVE-2021-22543 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-22543 Référence CVE CVE-2021-2342 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-2342 Référence CVE CVE-2021-23440 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-23440 Référence CVE CVE-2021-2356 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-2356 Référence CVE CVE-2021-2372 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-2372 Référence CVE CVE-2021-2385 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-2385 Référence CVE CVE-2021-2389 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-2389 Référence CVE CVE-2021-2390 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-2390 Référence CVE CVE-2021-26690 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-26690 Référence CVE CVE-2021-26691 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-26691 Référence CVE CVE-2021-27290 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-2

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2023-AVI-0705Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM

n Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7027925 du 31 août 2023 https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7027925 Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7029732 du 31 août 2023 https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7029732 Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7029765 du 31 août 2023 https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7029765 Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7029766 du 31 août 2023 https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7029766 Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7029864 du 31 août 2023 https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7029864 Référence CVE CVE-2020-13936 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-13936 Référence CVE CVE-2020-28498 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-28498 Référence CVE CVE-2021-23440 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-23440 Référence CVE CVE-2021-33813 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-33813 Référence CVE CVE-2021-37699 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-37699 Référence CVE CVE-2021-3803 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-3803 Référence CVE CVE-2021-43803 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-43803 Référence CVE CVE-2022-25858 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-25858 Référence CVE CVE-2022-25883 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-25883 Référence CVE CVE-2022-32212 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-32212 Référence CVE CVE-2022-32213 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CV

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2023-AVI-0444Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM

urité IBM 7001571 du 06 juin 2023 https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7001571 Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7001639 du 06 juin 2023 https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7001639 Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7001643 du 06 juin 2023 https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7001643 Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7001689 du 06 juin 2023 https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7001689 Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7001723 du 06 juin 2023 https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7001723 Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7001815 du 07 juin 2023 https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7001815 Référence CVE CVE-2017-7525 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2017-7525 Référence CVE CVE-2021-23440 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-23440 Référence CVE CVE-2021-37533 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-37533 Référence CVE CVE-2022-1471 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-1471 Référence CVE CVE-2022-24785 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-24785 Référence CVE CVE-2022-25168 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-25168 Référence CVE CVE-2022-25881 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-25881 Référence CVE CVE-2022-31160 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-31160 Référence CVE CVE-2022-3171 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-3171 Référence CVE CVE-2022-3509 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2021-011769set-value パッケージにおける型の取り違えに関する脆弱性

set-value パッケージには、型の取り違えに関する脆弱性が存在します。 本脆弱性は、CVE-2019-10747 と関連する脆弱性です。

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
set-value: <2.0.1, >=3.0.0 <4.0.1
Fixed
An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 12 Sept 2021 · Last source change 16 Sept 2024, 19:20 UTC · CWE-843 · Access of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion')

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2021-1976
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceNIST NVD
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Missing structured fields: affected product. Missing data is not evidence of low risk; review the primary advisory.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2021-23440 · cve.blacktree.nl