BlackTreeCVE Intelligence
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Full vulnerability report · 2021
CVE-2021-22960High confidence

The parse function in llhttp < 2.1.4 and < 6.0.6

NodeJS · Node

6.5MediumCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityMediumOperational priority:High, raised one band.upgradedsince 30 Apr 2025

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
  • The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
  • EPSS is 2.47% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs NodeJS Node and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 30 daysRemediation target: Within 180 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Distribution package intelligence

Release-specific package status

Alpine, Debian findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.

10 package states
Repository candidate not checked

A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.

Distribution releaseSource packageVendor stateFixed versionEvidence
Alpine v3.23v3.23 · communitynodejs-currentVendor fix publishedAlpine records a security fix at this version. An absent entry does not mean the package is unaffected.16.11.1-r0Alpine Security Database ↗Source updated 11 Sep 2026
Alpine v3.23v3.23 · mainnodejsVendor fix publishedAlpine records a security fix at this version. An absent entry does not mean the package is unaffected.14.18.1-r0Alpine Security Database ↗Source updated 3 Oct 2026
Alpine v3.22v3.22 · communitynodejs-currentVendor fix publishedAlpine records a security fix at this version. An absent entry does not mean the package is unaffected.16.11.1-r0Alpine Security Database ↗Source updated 11 Sep 2026
Alpine v3.22v3.22 · mainnodejsVendor fix publishedAlpine records a security fix at this version. An absent entry does not mean the package is unaffected.14.18.1-r0Alpine Security Database ↗Source updated 3 Oct 2026
Alpine v3.21v3.21 · communitynodejs-currentVendor fix publishedAlpine records a security fix at this version. An absent entry does not mean the package is unaffected.16.11.1-r0Alpine Security Database ↗Source updated 19 Aug 2026
Alpine v3.21v3.21 · mainnodejsVendor fix publishedAlpine records a security fix at this version. An absent entry does not mean the package is unaffected.14.18.1-r0Alpine Security Database ↗Source updated 3 Oct 2026
Debian trixietrixie · sourcenodejsVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.12.22.7~dfsg-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian bookwormbookworm · sourcenodejsVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.12.22.7~dfsg-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian forkyforky · sourcenodejsVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.12.22.7~dfsg-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Debian sidsid · sourcenodejsVendor fix publishedDebian records a fixed source-package version for this release.12.22.7~dfsg-1Debian Security Tracker ↗Source updated 5 Oct 2026
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2021-10085

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

The parse function in llhttp < 2.1.4 and < 6.0.6. ignores chunk extensions when parsing the body of chunked requests. This leads to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS) under certain conditions.

What

The parse function in llhttp < 2.1.4 and < 6.0.6. ignores chunk extensions when parsing the body of chunked requests. This leads to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS) under certain conditions.

Why

The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

The parse function in llhttp < 2.1.4 and < 6.0.6. ignores chunk extensions when parsing the body of chunked requests. This leads to HTTP Request Smuggling (HRS) under certain conditions.

Why

The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
a network path → Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling') → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-444 ↗

CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling'). The product acts as an intermediary HTTP agent (such as a proxy or firewall) in the data flow between two entities such as a client and server, but it does not interpret malformed HTTP requests or responses in ways that are consistent with how the messages will be processed by those entities that are at the ultimate destination.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CLowConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.ILowIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.ANoneAvailability impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticatedCWE-444Public exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2025-2471IBM Spectrum Protect Plus: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer oder authentisierter Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in IBM Spectrum Protect ausnutzen, um Daten zu manipulieren, Sicherheitsmaßnahmen zu umgehen und beliebigen Code auszuführen.

Official advisory ↗
BSI · German · WID-SEC-2022-0093Node.js: Mehrere Schwachstellen ermöglichen "HTTP request smuggling"

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Node.js ausnutzen, um einen "HTTP request smuggling" Angriff durchzuführen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20211110Security Bulletin 10 Nov 2021

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 10 Nov 2021, published on 10 November 2021. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2024-AVI-1051Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM

ord?id=CVE-2020-28500 Référence CVE CVE-2020-8203 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-8203 Référence CVE CVE-2021-22918 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-22918 Référence CVE CVE-2021-22921 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-22921 Référence CVE CVE-2021-22930 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-22930 Référence CVE CVE-2021-22931 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-22931 Référence CVE CVE-2021-22939 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-22939 Référence CVE CVE-2021-22940 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-22940 Référence CVE CVE-2021-22959 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-22959 Référence CVE CVE-2021-22960 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-22960 Référence CVE CVE-2021-23337 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-23337 Référence CVE CVE-2021-29425 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-29425 Référence CVE CVE-2021-29892 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-29892 Référence CVE CVE-2021-36690 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-36690 Référence CVE CVE-2021-44531 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-44531 Référence CVE CVE-2021-44532 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-44532 Référence CVE CVE-2021-44533 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-44533 Référence CVE CVE-2022-0155 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=C

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2022-AVI-928Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM

.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-4051 Référence CVE CVE-2020-7598 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-7598 Référence CVE CVE-2020-7656 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-7656 Référence CVE CVE-2020-7788 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-7788 Référence CVE CVE-2020-8203 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-8203 Référence CVE CVE-2020-8492 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-8492 Référence CVE CVE-2020-9492 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-9492 Référence CVE CVE-2021-22569 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-22569 Référence CVE CVE-2021-22959 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-22959 Référence CVE CVE-2021-22960 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-22960 Référence CVE CVE-2021-23337 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-23337 Référence CVE CVE-2021-23450 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-23450 Référence CVE CVE-2021-29425 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-29425 Référence CVE CVE-2021-3177 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-3177 Référence CVE CVE-2021-32803 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-32803 Référence CVE CVE-2021-32804 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-32804 Référence CVE CVE-2021-33502 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-33502 Référence CVE CVE-2021-34538 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CV

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2022-AVI-924Multiples vulnérabilités dans IBM QRadar

ERecord?id=CVE-2019-10744 Référence CVE CVE-2019-11358 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2019-11358 Référence CVE CVE-2020-11022 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-11022 Référence CVE CVE-2020-11023 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-11023 Référence CVE CVE-2020-28469 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-28469 Référence CVE CVE-2020-7598 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-7598 Référence CVE CVE-2020-7788 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-7788 Référence CVE CVE-2020-8203 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-8203 Référence CVE CVE-2021-22959 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-22959 Référence CVE CVE-2021-22960 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-22960 Référence CVE CVE-2021-23337 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-23337 Référence CVE CVE-2021-23346 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-23346 Référence CVE CVE-2021-23566 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-23566 Référence CVE CVE-2021-32803 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-32803 Référence CVE CVE-2021-32804 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-32804 Référence CVE CVE-2021-33502 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-33502 Référence CVE CVE-2021-3765 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-3765 Référence CVE CVE-2021-37701 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CV

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2022-AVI-097Multiples vulnérabilités dans IBM Spectrum Protect Plus

De multiples vulnérabilités ont été découvertes dans IBM Spectrum Protect Plus. Certaines d'entre elles permettent à un attaquant de provoquer une exécution de code arbitraire, un déni de service et un contournement de la politique de sécurité.

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2021-014672llhttp における HTTP リクエストスマグリングに関する脆弱性

llhttp には、 HTTP リクエストスマグリングに関する脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
Node: 4.0 < 4.*, 5.0 < 5.*, 6.0 < 6.*, 7.0 < 7.*, 8.0 < 8.*, 9.0 < 9.*, 10.0 < 10.*, 11.0 < 11.*, 12.0 < 12.22.7, 13.0 < 13.*, 14.0 < 14.18.1, 15.0 < 15.*, 16.0 < 16.11.1
Fixed
An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 3 Nov 2021 · Last source change 30 Apr 2025, 22:24 UTC · CWE-444 · Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceNIST NVD
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2021-10085
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗

No material field changes have been recorded since change tracking began. Routine source refreshes and cosmetic edits are intentionally excluded.

Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2021-10085↗Patch or update reference↗Public exploit reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2021-22960 · cve.blacktree.nl