Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.
Published severityMedium→Operational priority:High, raised one band.upgradedsince 16 Sep 2024
Evidence used
No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
EPSS is 3.55% for the current model date.
Compensating controls
Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.
Verification
Confirm that the asset runs Unknown jinja2 and falls inside the recorded affected range.
Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Distribution package intelligence
Release-specific package status
Alpine, Debian findings are scoped to the named distribution, release and source package. An absent finding does not mean a package is unaffected.
7 package states
Repository candidate not checked
A published vendor fix does not prove that a matching update is enabled and installable on a particular asset. Confirm the local package candidate before scheduling remediation.
Distribution release
Source package
Vendor state
Fixed version
Evidence
Alpine v3.23v3.23 · main
py3-jinja2
Vendor fix publishedAlpine records a security fix at this version. An absent entry does not mean the package is unaffected.
National CERT insights ?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.
Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.
Official European source
ENISA European Vulnerability Database
Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.
1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier
EUVD-2021-0103
No EUVD known-exploited evidence
ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.
EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days
Medium technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.
Patch available
01
What, why and how
This affects the package jinja2 from 0.0.0 and before 2.11.3. The ReDoS vulnerability is mainly due to the `_punctuation_re regex` operator and its use of multiple wildcards. The last wildcard is the most exploitable as it searches for trailing punctuation. This issue can be mitigated by Markdown to format user content instead of the urlize filter, or by implementing request timeouts and limiting process memory.
What
This affects the package jinja2 from 0.0.0 and before 2.11.3. The ReDoS vulnerability is mainly due to the `_punctuation_re regex` operator and its use of multiple wildcards. The last wildcard is the most exploitable as it searches for trailing punctuation. This issue can be mitigated by Markdown to format user content instead of the urlize filter, or by implementing request timeouts and limiting process memory.
Why
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
What
This affects the package jinja2 from 0.0.0 and before 2.11.3. The ReDoS vulnerability is mainly due to the `_punctuation_re regex` operator and its use of multiple wildcards. The last wildcard is the most exploitable as it searches for trailing punctuation. This issue can be mitigated by Markdown to format user content instead of the urlize filter, or by implementing request timeouts and limiting process memory.
Why
The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
How
An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation ?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No confirmed evidence
No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material ?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.Reference recorded
A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.
Likely attack path
a network path → Uncontrolled Resource Consumption → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness ?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption. The product does not properly control the allocation and maintenance of a limited resource.
CVSS vector ?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P
Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CNoneConfidentiality impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.INoneIntegrity impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.ALowAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
Ein Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Dell ECS ausnutzen, um seine Privilegien zu erweitern, beliebigen Programmcode mit Administratorrechten auszuführen, Informationen offenzulegen, Dateien zu manipulieren, einen Cross-Site-Scripting-Angriff durchzuführen, Sicherheitsvorkehrungen zu umgehen oder einen Denial of Service Zustand herbeizuführen.
Official advisory ↗Canadian Centre for Cyber Security · English · AV21-535IBM security advisory
Between 18 and 24 October 2021 IBM published Security Bulletins to address vulnerabilities in multiple products. Included were critical updates for the following:
IBM Watson Explorer Deep Analytics Edition Foundational Components
https://www.ibm.com/blogs/psirt/security-bulletin-vulnerabilities-affect-watson-explorer-foundational-components-cve-2021-3712-cve-2021-3711/
Official advisory ↗Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20210203Security Bulletin 03 Feb 2021
The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 03 Feb 2021, published on 3 February 2021. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.
Official advisory ↗CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2026-AVI-0395Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM
Official advisory ↗CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0546Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM
ité IBM 7238155 du 26 juin 2025
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7238155
Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7238156 du 26 juin 2025
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7238156
Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7238159 du 26 juin 2025
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7238159
Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7238168 du 26 juin 2025
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7238168
Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7238295 du 27 juin 2025
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7238295
Bulletin de sécurité IBM 7238297 du 27 juin 2025
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7238297
Référence CVE CVE-2019-20916
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2019-20916
Référence CVE CVE-2020-28493
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-28493
Référence CVE CVE-2020-29651
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-29651
Référence CVE CVE-2020-7789
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-7789
Référence CVE CVE-2022-42969
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-42969
Référence CVE CVE-2023-1077
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-1077
Référence CVE CVE-2023-1409
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-1409
Référence CVE CVE-2023-23934
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-23934
Référence CVE CVE-2023-25577
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2023-25577
Référence CVE CVE-2023-30861
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-20
Official advisory ↗CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2024-AVI-0585Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits VMware
are 24676 du 15 juillet 2024
https://support.broadcom.com/web/ecx/support-content-notification/-/external/content/SecurityAdvisories/0/24676
Bulletin de sécurité VMware 24679 du 15 juillet 2024
https://support.broadcom.com/web/ecx/support-content-notification/-/external/content/SecurityAdvisories/0/24679
Bulletin de sécurité VMware 24680 du 15 juillet 2024
https://support.broadcom.com/web/ecx/support-content-notification/-/external/content/SecurityAdvisories/0/24680
Bulletin de sécurité VMware 24681 du 15 juillet 2024
https://support.broadcom.com/web/ecx/support-content-notification/-/external/content/SecurityAdvisories/0/24681
Référence CVE CVE-2020-28493
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2020-28493
Référence CVE CVE-2021-41617
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2021-41617
Référence CVE CVE-2022-1725
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-1725
Référence CVE CVE-2022-1771
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-1771
Référence CVE CVE-2022-1886
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-1886
Référence CVE CVE-2022-1897
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-1897
Référence CVE CVE-2022-2000
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-2000
Référence CVE CVE-2022-2042
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-2042
Référence CVE CVE-2022-46908
https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2022-469
Official advisory ↗CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2024-AVI-0366Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM
Official advisory ↗CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2022-AVI-831Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits IBM
De multiples vulnérabilités ont été découvertes dans les produits IBM.
Certaines d'entre elles permettent à un attaquant de provoquer une
exécution de code arbitraire à distance, un déni de service à distance
et un contournement de la politique de sécurité.
Official advisory ↗JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2020-015718jinja2 におけるリソースの枯渇に関する脆弱性
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
Status ?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 1 Feb 2021 · Last source change 16 Sept 2024, 17:24 UTC · CWE-400 · Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source ?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2021-0103
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceNIST NVD
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment
Missing structured fields: affected product. Missing data is not evidence of low risk; review the primary advisory.
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.