BlackTreeCVE Intelligence
← Back to the CVE catalogue
Full vulnerability report · 2020
CVE-2020-16251High confidence

HashiCorp Vault and Vault Enterprise versions 0.8.3 and newer, when configured with the GCP GCE auth method, may be vulnerable to authentication bypass

Unknown · Unknown

8.2HighCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityHighOperational priority:High, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
  • EPSS is 2.83% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Unknown Unknown and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 30 daysRemediation target: Within 180 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Direct vendor intelligence

Authoritative vendor CSAF and VEX advisories

Structured product status and remediation from the issuing vendor. Product-state explanations are always visible; large lists can be searched or downloaded.

1 current
CVE-2020-16251 · CSAF 2.0 · revision 3 · finalRed Hat Product Securityvault: GCP Auth Method Allows Authentication Bypass
5 known affected

The vendor explicitly identifies these products as affected by this CVE.

  • ocs4/cephcsi-rhel8 as a component of Red Hat Openshift Container Storage 4
  • ocs4/mcg-rhel8-operator as a component of Red Hat Openshift Container Storage 4
  • ocs4/ocs-rhel8-operator as a component of Red Hat Openshift Container Storage 4
  • ocs4/rook-ceph-rhel8-operator as a component of Red Hat Openshift Container Storage 4
  • odf4/odf-multicluster-rhel9-operator as a component of Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4
Summary
A flaw was found in Vault and Vault Enterprise (“Vault”). In affected versions of Vault, with the GCP Auth Method configured and under certain circumstances, the values relied upon by Vault to validate Google Compute Engine (GCE) VMs may be manipulated and bypass authentication.
Remediation
Before applying this update, make sure all previously released errata relevant to your system have been applied. For details on how to apply this update, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2024-0249

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

HashiCorp Vault and Vault Enterprise versions 0.8.3 and newer, when configured with the GCP GCE auth method, may be vulnerable to authentication bypass. Fixed in 1.2.5, 1.3.8, 1.4.4, and 1.5.1.

What

HashiCorp Vault and Vault Enterprise versions 0.8.3 and newer, when configured with the GCP GCE auth method, may be vulnerable to authentication bypass. Fixed in 1.2.5, 1.3.8, 1.4.4, and 1.5.1.

Why

The affected component does not establish the requesting party's identity reliably before granting access.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may bypass an access boundary or take over an account.

What

HashiCorp Vault and Vault Enterprise versions 0.8.3 and newer, when configured with the GCP GCE auth method, may be vulnerable to authentication bypass. Fixed in 1.2.5, 1.3.8, 1.4.4, and 1.5.1.

Why

The affected component does not establish the requesting party's identity reliably before granting access.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may bypass an access boundary or take over an account.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
a network path → Improper Authentication → bypass an access boundary or take over an account
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-287 ↗

CWE-287: Improper Authentication. When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:N

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CLowConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a limited loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.ANoneAvailability impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
Stolen credentials, tokens and legitimate administration functions may provide continued access without deploying a large custom toolset.
NetworkUnauthenticatedCWE-287
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

BSI · German · WID-SEC-2023-1542Red Hat OpenShift: Mehrere Schwachstellen

Ein entfernter, anonymer Angreifer kann mehrere Schwachstellen in Red Hat OpenShift ausnutzen, um einen Denial of Service Zustand herbeizuführen, Informationen offenzulegen, Dateien zu manipulieren oder Sicherheitsvorkehrungen zu umgehen.

Official advisory ↗
Cyber Security Agency of Singapore · English · CSA-SB-20200902Security Bulletin 02 Sep 2020

The Cyber Security Agency of Singapore included this CVE in its official Security Bulletin 02 Sep 2020, published on 2 September 2020. Open the linked bulletin for the product, severity and reference information published in that issue.

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2020-008599HashiCorp Vault および Vault Enterprise における認証に関する脆弱性

HashiCorp Vault および Vault Enterprise には、認証に関する脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
Fixed
Action
Before applying this update, make sure all previously released errata relevant to your system have been applied. For details on how to apply this update, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 26 Aug 2020 · Last source change 4 Aug 2024, 13:37 UTC · CWE-287 · Improper Authentication

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceNIST NVD
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2024-0249
Product sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
Remediation sourceVendor CSAF · Red Hat Product Security
CWE sourceNIST NVD
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Missing structured fields: affected product. Missing data is not evidence of low risk; review the primary advisory.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    n/a · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
    After
    n/a · Fixed: Before applying this update, make sure all previously released errata relevant to your system have been applied. For details on how to apply this update, refer to: https://access.redhat.com/articles/11258
    Red Hat Product Security ↗
  2. Remediation statusRemediation status changed from Awaiting fix to Patch available.
    Before
    Awaiting fix
    After
    Patch available
    Red Hat Product Security ↗
  3. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    ocs4/cephcsi-rhel8 as a component of Red Hat Openshift Container Storage 4; ocs4/mcg-rhel8-operator as a component of Red Hat Openshift Container Storage 4; ocs4/ocs-rhel8-operator as a component of Red Hat Openshift Container Storage 4; ocs4/rook-ceph-rhel8-operator as a component of Red Hat Openshift Container Storage 4; odf4/odf-multicluster-rhel8-operator as a component of Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4 · Fixed: openshift4/bare-metal-event-relay-operator-bundle@sha256:e5aacacba93bce05c7a0b3025a8938bc431547d59c6d7dfc8959c3d3d830994e_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13; openshift4/bare-metal-event-relay-rhel8-operator@sha256:05878d585437063c8098efe5cd8b0ebd67412e51aea21f7abc063f8d046690e6_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13; openshift4/baremetal-hardware-event-proxy-rhel8@sha256:c24fdab236d367bf677f997f8e48ba2c34b922f3816363a8407d4dca8c170819_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13; openshift4/topology-aware-lifecycle-manager-operator-bundle@sha256:6adbc00c12329abfcdb5d30b56162678204a87df6df88933b7a8f08b34118722_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13; openshift4/topology-aware-lifecycle-manager-precache-rhel8@sha256:c92ed15f1540e88f891723e4ae9168462be9597195aaf600be62c422bcdbca65_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13; openshift4/topology-aware-lifecycle-manager-recovery-rhel8@sha256:9e9f24aa00d818b1915362aa9bddf8f504d574e7df43eb894e2d7fdd95948f16_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13; openshift4/topology-aware-lifecycle-manager-rhel8-operator@sha256:3a3a3b6a09934c55325019d249cd064efcacd1140e228a10b566e2ba25e94b0e_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13; openshift4/ztp-site-generate-rhel8@sha256:9d45f3b7e69485083a46433a03f36abfc8728c79384fd6a13b7ca710fc9a967e_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13; odf4/odf-rhel9-operator@sha256:0564c1165a893f0eea270f636cef8fb9c75704b73bd8ae291a5438122be64484_s390x as a component of RHODF 4.13 for RHEL 9; odf4/odf-rhel9-operator@sha256:26663e4d48a70edb4fd100fd86819398ef84da4f9e9da077a4e36deb5c002d9b_amd64 as a component of RHODF 4.13 for RHEL 9; odf4/odf-rhel9-operator@sha256:98ded63b6b4180c52715a6d580afb9b212c4643d53ccc9e00993e2d1bcd41396_arm64 as a component of RHODF 4.13 for RHEL 9; odf4/odf-rhel9-operator@sha256:d223f6995bdea0799c8201b658aa81c36ae00188be030012b89d8cda643f4ed8_ppc64le as a component of RHODF 4.13 for RHEL 9
    After
    ocs4/cephcsi-rhel8 as a component of Red Hat Openshift Container Storage 4; ocs4/mcg-rhel8-operator as a component of Red Hat Openshift Container Storage 4; ocs4/ocs-rhel8-operator as a component of Red Hat Openshift Container Storage 4; ocs4/rook-ceph-rhel8-operator as a component of Red Hat Openshift Container Storage 4; odf4/odf-multicluster-rhel9-operator as a component of Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4 · Fixed: openshift4/bare-metal-event-relay-operator-bundle@sha256:e5aacacba93bce05c7a0b3025a8938bc431547d59c6d7dfc8959c3d3d830994e_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13; openshift4/bare-metal-event-relay-rhel8-operator@sha256:05878d585437063c8098efe5cd8b0ebd67412e51aea21f7abc063f8d046690e6_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13; openshift4/baremetal-hardware-event-proxy-rhel8@sha256:c24fdab236d367bf677f997f8e48ba2c34b922f3816363a8407d4dca8c170819_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13; openshift4/topology-aware-lifecycle-manager-operator-bundle@sha256:6adbc00c12329abfcdb5d30b56162678204a87df6df88933b7a8f08b34118722_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13; openshift4/topology-aware-lifecycle-manager-precache-rhel8@sha256:c92ed15f1540e88f891723e4ae9168462be9597195aaf600be62c422bcdbca65_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13; openshift4/topology-aware-lifecycle-manager-recovery-rhel8@sha256:9e9f24aa00d818b1915362aa9bddf8f504d574e7df43eb894e2d7fdd95948f16_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13; openshift4/topology-aware-lifecycle-manager-rhel8-operator@sha256:3a3a3b6a09934c55325019d249cd064efcacd1140e228a10b566e2ba25e94b0e_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13; openshift4/ztp-site-generate-rhel8@sha256:9d45f3b7e69485083a46433a03f36abfc8728c79384fd6a13b7ca710fc9a967e_amd64 as a component of Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13; odf4/odf-rhel9-operator@sha256:0564c1165a893f0eea270f636cef8fb9c75704b73bd8ae291a5438122be64484_s390x as a component of RHODF 4.13 for RHEL 9; odf4/odf-rhel9-operator@sha256:26663e4d48a70edb4fd100fd86819398ef84da4f9e9da077a4e36deb5c002d9b_amd64 as a component of RHODF 4.13 for RHEL 9; odf4/odf-rhel9-operator@sha256:98ded63b6b4180c52715a6d580afb9b212c4643d53ccc9e00993e2d1bcd41396_arm64 as a component of RHODF 4.13 for RHEL 9; odf4/odf-rhel9-operator@sha256:d223f6995bdea0799c8201b658aa81c36ae00188be030012b89d8cda643f4ed8_ppc64le as a component of RHODF 4.13 for RHEL 9
    Red Hat Product Security ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Fixed release recorded from official guidance
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2024-0249↗Red Hat Product Security security advisory↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2020-16251 · cve.blacktree.nl