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Full vulnerability report · 2019
CVE-2019-7192High confidence

QNAP Photo Station Improper Access Control Vulnerability

QNAP · Photo Station

9.8CriticalCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Protect now

CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2022-06-22 as the remediation due date.

Fix not verified
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityCriticalOperational priority:Critical, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • CISA confirms exploitation in the wild.
  • A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
  • The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
  • EPSS is 88.10% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs QNAP Photo Station and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Recheck the vendor advisory before scheduling a change because no verified fixed version is currently retained.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 3 daysRemediation target: Within 90 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2019-16736

CISA KEV mirrored by ENISA

This improper access control vulnerability allows remote attackers to gain unauthorized access to the system. To fix these vulnerabilities, QNAP recommend updating Photo Station to their latest versions.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Recorded by ENISA since 8 Jun 2022. Evidence sources: cisa_kev.
ENISA score
9.8 · CVSS 3.1
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionProtect now

CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2022-06-22 as the remediation due date.

Fix not verified
01

What, why and how

QNAP NAS devices running Photo Station contain an improper access control vulnerability allowing remote attackers to gain unauthorized access to the system.

What

QNAP NAS devices running Photo Station contain an improper access control vulnerability allowing remote attackers to gain unauthorized access to the system.

Why

The application performs an authorisation check, but it does not correctly enforce the required permission boundary.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

QNAP NAS devices running Photo Station contain an improper access control vulnerability allowing remote attackers to gain unauthorized access to the system.

Why

The application performs an authorisation check, but it does not correctly enforce the required permission boundary.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Confirmed in the wild

CISA added this CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on 2022-06-08. Known ransomware campaign use is recorded.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
a network path → Incorrect Authorization → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-863 ↗

CWE-863: Incorrect Authorization. The product performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action, but it does not correctly perform the check.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticatedCWE-863CISA KEVPublic exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2019-16736Known-exploited evidence recorded

This improper access control vulnerability allows remote attackers to gain unauthorized access to the system. To fix these vulnerabilities, QNAP recommend updating Photo Station to their latest versions.

Official EUVD record ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2019-012681QNAP Photo Station における不正な認証に関する脆弱性

QNAP Photo Station には、不正な認証に関する脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
KISA KrCERT/CC · Korean · KNVD-5221랜섬웨어 감염 확산에 따른 기업 보안점검 권고

열 운영체제 Sudo 명령어 취약점 보안 업데이트 권고 (CVE-2019-14287) (4) 펄스시큐어社 VPN 제품 취약점으로 원격에서 세션 탈취가 가능한 취약점 (CVE-2019-11540) o PC 보안 강화 방안 - 피싱 메일에 주의하고 본문 링크 클릭, 첨부파일 다운로드, 실행에 주의 - P2P 프로그램 사용 시, 다운로드 받은 파일에 대한 확장자 확인* 후 실행 * 확장자명이 실행 파일(.exe 등) 인 경우, 악성코드일 가능성이 높으므로 백신점검 및 삭제 - 매월 운영체제 및 주요 프로그램(웹브라우저, Flash, Java 등)의 보안 업데이트 확인적용 - 상용 메일을 통한 주요 업무 자료 송수신 금지 ※ 불가피한 경우, OTP 설정 및 허가된 사용자 단말기 추가 등을 통해 인증 강화 o NAS 보안 강화 방안 - 최초 설치 시 기본 관리자 패스워드는 반드시 변경 후 사용 - 자동 업데이트를 활성화하여 최신 펌웨어 유지 - 인터넷을 통한 직접 접속은 차단하고, 사내망에서 운영 권고 ※ 불가피한 경우, 장비의 비밀번호 관리 및 백업, 보안 업데이트 등 철저한 관리 필요 ☞ 특히 아래의 취약점을 이용하여 감염되는 사례가 있으니 반드시 보안 업데이트 등 조치 필요 (1) QNAP社 PhotoStation 제품 등 관리자 권한탈취 취약점 (CVE-2019-7192 ~ CVE-2019-7195) o 공통 보안 강화 방안 - 중요 파일 및 문서 등은 네트워크와 분리된 오프라인 백업 권고 - 자료유출에 대비해서 DRM 등 문서암호화 보안솔루션 도입 권고 - 유추하기 어려운 패스워드(숫자, 대소문자, 특수문자 조합 8자리 이상)사용으로 관리 강화 - 사용하지 않는 네트워크 서비스는 비활성화하고, 인가된 관리자만 접속할 수 있도록 방화벽 등에서 접근제어설정 - 신뢰할 수 있는 백신을 설치(최신 버전 유지, 실시간 감지 적용 등)하고 정기적으로 검사 진행 o 이상 징후 포착 및 침해사고 발생시, 한국인터넷진흥원으로 즉시 신고 ※ 'KISA 인터넷보호나라&KrCERT' 홈페이지(www.boho.or.kr) - 상담및신고- 해킹사고 ※ 한국인터넷진흥원 인터넷침해대응센터 종합상황실(02-405-4911~5, certgen@krcert.or.kr) ##### □ 참고자료(www.boho.or.kr, 자료실) (1) 랜섬웨어 대응 가이드을 위한 안내 및 백업 가이드 - 보호나라 홈페이지 → 자료실 → 가이드 및 매뉴얼 내 34번 게시물 (2) 랜섬웨어 대응을 위한 안전한 정보시스템 백업 가이드 - 보호나라 홈페이지 → 자료실 → 가이드 및 매뉴얼 내 35번 게시물 (3) AD(Active Directory) 관리자가 피해야

Official advisory ↗
KISA KrCERT/CC · Korean · KNVD-5188랜섬웨어 감염에 대비한 기업의 보안점검 권고

계열 운영체제 Sudo 명령어 취약점 보안 업데이트 권고 (CVE-2019-14287) (4) 펄스시큐어社 VPN 제품 취약점으로 원격에서 세션 탈취가 가능한 취약점 (CVE-2019-11540) o PC 보안 강화 방안 - 피싱 메일에 주의하고 본문 링크 클릭, 첨부파일 다운로드, 실행에 주의 - P2P 프로그램 사용 시, 다운로드 받은 파일에 대한 확장자 확인* 후 실행 * 확장자명이 실행 파일(.exe 등) 인 경우, 악성코드일 가능성이 높으므로 백신점검 및 삭제 - 매월 운영체제 및 주요 프로그램(웹브라우저, Flash, Java 등)의 보안 업데이트 확인적용 - 상용 메일을 통한 주요 업무 자료 송수신 금지 ※ 불가피한 경우, OTP 설정 및 허가된 사용자 단말기 추가 등을 통해 인증 강화 o NAS 보안 강화 방안 - 최초 설치 시 기본 관리자 패스워드는 반드시 변경 후 사용 - 자동 업데이트를 활성화하여 최신 펌웨어 유지 - 인터넷을 통한 직접 접속은 차단하고, 사내망에서 운영 권고 ※ 불가피한 경우, 장비의 비밀번호 관리 및 백업, 보안 업데이트 등 철저한 관리 필요 ☞ 특히 아래의 취약점을 이용하여 감염되는 사례가 있으니 반드시 보안 업데이트 등 조치 필요 o QNAP社 PhotoStation 제품 등 관리자 권한탈취 취약점 (CVE-2019-7192 ~ CVE-2019-7195) o 공통 보안 강화 방안 - 중요 파일 및 문서 등은 네트워크와 분리된 오프라인 백업 권고 - 자료유출에 대비해서 DRM 등 문서암호화 보안솔루션 도입 권고 - 유추하기 어려운 패스워드(숫자, 대소문자, 특수문자 조합 8자리 이상)사용으로 관리 강화 - 사용하지 않는 네트워크 서비스는 비활성화하고, 인가된 관리자만 접속할 수 있도록 방화벽 등에서 접근제어설정 - 신뢰할 수 있는 백신을 설치(최신 버전 유지, 실시간 감지 적용 등)하고 정기적으로 검사 진행 o 이상 징후 포착 및 침해사고 발생시, 한국인터넷진흥원으로 즉시 신고 ※ 'KISA 인터넷보호나라&KrCERT' 홈페이지(www.krcert.or.kr 또는www.boho.or.kr) - 상담및신고- 해킹사고 ※ 한국인터넷진흥원 인터넷침해대응센터 종합상황실(02-405-4911~5, certgen@krcert.or.kr) o 참고 : 랜섬웨어 대응을 위한 안내 가이드 및 백업 가이드(www.boho.or.kr, 자료실) ##### □ 작성 : 침해사고분석단 사고분석팀

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Fix not verified
Affected
QNAP NAS devices running Photo Station: QTS 4.4.1: Photo Station before version 6.0.3, QTS 4.3.4 - QTS 4.4.0: Photo Station before version 5.7.10, QTS 4.3.0 - QTS 4.3.3: Photo Station before version 5.4.9, QTS 4.2.6: Photo Station before version 5.2.11
Fixed
No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
Action
No verified patch reference is present in the current structured sources. Check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 5 Dec 2019 · Last source change 21 Oct 2025, 23:35 UTC · CWE-863 · Incorrect Authorization

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceNIST NVD
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-09-01
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2019-16736
Product sourceCISA KEV
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCISA ADP
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. ENISA known-exploited stateENISA EUVD now records this CVE in its known-exploited dataset.
    Before
    not listed in ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset
    After
    listed in ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset (EUVD-2019-16736)
    ENISA EUVD ↗
  2. ENISA EUVD mappingEUVD-2019-16736 was added to the official ENISA EUVD mapping for this CVE.
    Before
    not recorded
    After
    {"euvdId":"EUVD-2019-16736"}
    ENISA EUVD ↗
  3. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    QTS 4.4.1: Photo Station before version 6.0.3, QTS 4.3.4 - QTS 4.4.0: Photo Station before version 5.7.10, QTS 4.3.0 - QTS 4.3.3: Photo Station before version 5.4.9, QTS 4.2.6: Photo Station before version 5.2.11 · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
    After
    QNAP NAS devices running Photo Station: QTS 4.4.1: Photo Station before version 6.0.3, QTS 4.3.4 - QTS 4.4.0: Photo Station before version 5.7.10, QTS 4.3.0 - QTS 4.3.3: Photo Station before version 5.4.9, QTS 4.2.6: Photo Station before version 5.2.11 · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
    CNA ↗
  4. Vendor guidanceAuthoritative vendor guidance changed: added vendor advisory: qnap.com/nas-201911-25.
    Before
    no authoritative guidance recorded
    After
    vendor advisory: qnap.com/nas-201911-25
    qnap.com ↗
  5. Public exploit evidencePublic exploit evidence changed from No public exploit to Public exploit reference.
    Before
    No public exploit
    After
    Public exploit reference
    packetstormsecurity.com ↗
  6. CVSS scoreCVSS scoring authority changed from CISA ADP to NIST NVD; the displayed base score remained 9.8.
    Before
    9.8 (CVSS 3.1 · CISA ADP · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
    After
    9.8 (CVSS 3.1 · NIST NVD · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
    NIST NVD ↗
  7. Catalogue recordCVE added to the BlackTree catalogue.
    CNA ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Added to CISA KEV
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2019-16736↗CISA KEV record↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Public exploit reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2019-7192 · cve.blacktree.nl