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Full vulnerability report · 2020
CVE-2019-1950High confidence

Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN Software Default Credentials Vulnerability

Cisco · Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN Software

Official source article: Cisco CISCO-SA-SD-WAN-CRED-EVGSF259 ↗. Check the applicable product and release in the original source.

8.4HighCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Within 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityHighOperational priority:High, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • EPSS is 0.33% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
  • Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Cisco Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN Software and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 30 daysRemediation target: Within 180 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2019-10507

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

High technical severity; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

A vulnerability in Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN Software could allow an unauthenticated, local attacker to gain unauthorized access to an affected device. The vulnerability is due to the existence of default credentials within the default configuration of an affected device. An attacker who has access to an affected device could log in with elevated privileges. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to take complete control of the device. This vulnerability affects Cisco devices that are running Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN Software releases 16.11 and earlier.

What

A vulnerability in Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN Software could allow an unauthenticated, local attacker to gain unauthorized access to an affected device. The vulnerability is due to the existence of default credentials within the default configuration of an affected device. An attacker who has access to an affected device could log in with elevated privileges. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to take complete control of the device. This vulnerability affects Cisco devices that are running Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN Software releases 16.11 and earlier.

Why

The current structured CVE record identifies a security weakness, but the root cause requires confirmation in the linked vendor material.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may gain additional privileges.

What

A vulnerability in Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN Software could allow an unauthenticated, local attacker to gain unauthorized access to an affected device. The vulnerability is due to the existence of default credentials within the default configuration of an affected device. An attacker who has access to an affected device could log in with elevated privileges. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to take complete control of the device. This vulnerability affects Cisco devices that are running Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN Software releases 16.11 and earlier.

Why

The current structured CVE record identifies a security weakness, but the root cause requires confirmation in the linked vendor material.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may gain additional privileges.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
None recorded

No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.

Likely attack path
local access → vulnerable operation → gain additional privileges
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-255 ↗

CWE-255. Open the MITRE definition for the exact weakness description.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
Stolen credentials, tokens and legitimate administration functions may provide continued access without deploying a large custom toolset.
UnauthenticatedPrivilege escalationCWE-255
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

Canadian Centre for Cyber Security · English · AV20-018Cisco security advisory

On 22 January 2020 Cisco released a number of security advisories to address vulnerabilities affecting multiple products. Of note, a vulnerability in the Cisco Firepower Management Center tracked as CVE-2019-16028, a vulnerability in Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN Software tracked as CVE-2019-1950 and a vulnerability in Cisco IOS XR Software tracked as CVE-2019-16018. Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities may allow a remote actor to bypass authentication and execute arbitrary actions with administrative privileges on an affected device, log in using default credentials with elevated privileges and take complete control of the device or cause a denial of service (DoS) condition in the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) service.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2020-AVI-055Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Cisco

De multiples vulnérabilités ont été découvertes dans les produits Cisco. Elles permettent à un attaquant de provoquer un déni de service à distance, un contournement de la politique de sécurité et une élévation de privilèges.

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2020-002272Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN Software におけるリソースの安全ではないデフォルト値への初期化に関する脆弱性

Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN Software には、リソースの安全ではないデフォルト値への初期化に関する脆弱性が存在します。

Official advisory ↗
KISA KrCERT/CC · Korean · KNVD-5097Cisco 제품군 보안 업데이트 권고

#### Cisco 제품군 보안 업데이트 권고 2020.01.23 ##### □ 개요 o Cisco社는 자사 제품의 취약점을 해결한 보안 업데이트 공지 [1] o 공격자는 해당 취약점을 이용하여 원격코드 실행 등의 피해를 발생시킬 수 있으므로, 해당 제품을 사용하는 이용자들은 최신 버전으로 업데이트 권고 ##### □ 주요 내용 o Cisco Firepower Management Center에서 LDAP 인증값을 부적절하게 처리하여 발생하는 인증 우회 취약점(CVE-2019-16028) [2] o Cisco CE, TC, RoomOS SW에서 사용자의 입력값에 대한 검증이 미흡하여 발생하는 경로 탐색 취약점(CVE-2020-3143) [3] ※ CE : TelePresence Collaboration Endpoint, TC : TelePresence Codec o Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN SW에서 기본 설정으로 자격증명이 존재하여 발생하는 권한상승 취약점(CVE-2019-1950) [4] o Cisco SD-WAN Solution vManage SW에서 입력값에 대한 검증이 미흡하여 발생하는 권한상승 취약점(CVE-2020-3115) [5] o Cisco Smart Software Manager에서 입력값 검증이 미흡하여 발생하는 서비스거부 취약점(CVE-2019-16029) [6] o Cisco IOS XR SW의 BGP 업데이트 메시지에 대한 처리가 미흡하여 발생하는 서비스거부 취약점(CVE-2019-16018, 16019, 16020, 16021) [7][8] o Cisco IOS XR SW에서 SNMP에 대한 처리가 미흡하여 발생하는 서비스거부 취약점(CVE-2019-16027) [9] ##### □ 영향을 받는 제품 및 해결 방안 o 참고사이트에 명시되어 있는 ‘Affected Products’와 ‘Fixed Software’ 내용을 확인하여 패치 적용 ##### □ 기타 문의사항 o 한국인터넷진흥원 사이버민원센터: 국번없이 118 [참고사이트] [1] https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/publicationListing.x [2] https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN Software: 16.11 and earlier
Fixed
Cisco fixed this vulnerability in Cisco IOS XE SD-WAN Software Release 16.12.1.
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 19 Feb 2020 · Last source change 15 Nov 2024, 17:39 UTC · CWE-255

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceCNA
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-08-14
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2019-10507
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. Remediation statusRemediation status changed from Awaiting fix to Mitigation available.
    Before
    Awaiting fix
    After
    Mitigation available
    Canadian Centre for Cyber Security ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Remediation guidance recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2019-10507↗Canadian Centre for Cyber Security remediation guidance↗CVE authority or vendor reference · Cisco CISCO-SA-SD-WAN-CRED-EVGSF259↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2019-1950 · cve.blacktree.nl