Evidence used
- No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
- Exploitation requires an existing local or physical foothold with privileges.
- EPSS is 0.75% for the current model date.
BlackTreeCVE IntelligenceFull vulnerability report · 2018
CVE-2018-8356High confidence
Microsoft Microsoft .NET Framework: Improper Certificate Validation
Microsoft · Microsoft .NET Framework
5.5MediumCVSS 3.0
Scheduled
Patch availableMedium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.
R
Open reassessment dashboard →Operational reassessment
Published severity in operational context
Published severityMedium→Operational priority:Low, lowered one band.downgradedsince 5 Aug 2024
Compensating controls
- Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
- Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
- Monitor vendor guidance and exploitation sources for a material change.
Verification
- Confirm that the asset runs Microsoft Microsoft .NET Framework and falls inside the recorded affected range.
- Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
- Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
- Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Open-source package ranges24 source-attributed ranges
These OSV and GitHub advisory ranges apply only to the named package and ecosystem. A listed fixed version is not a universal product patch or proof that an update is installed.
| Ecosystem and package | Affected range | First fixed version | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| NuGetSystem.Private.ServiceModel | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.0.0; fixed 4.1.3 | 4.1.3 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.Private.ServiceModel | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.3.0; fixed 4.3.3 | 4.3.3 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.Private.ServiceModel | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.4.0; fixed 4.4.4 | 4.4.4 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.Private.ServiceModel | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.5.0; fixed 4.5.3 | 4.5.3 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.Duplex | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.3.0; fixed 4.3.3 | 4.3.3 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.Duplex | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.4.0; fixed 4.4.4 | 4.4.4 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.Duplex | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.5.0; fixed 4.5.3 | 4.5.3 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.Duplex | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.0.0; fixed 4.0.4 | 4.0.4 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.Http | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.3.0; fixed 4.3.3 | 4.3.3 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.Http | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.4.0; fixed 4.4.4 | 4.4.4 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.Http | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.5.0; fixed 4.5.3 | 4.5.3 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.Http | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.0.0; fixed 4.1.3 | 4.1.3 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.NetTcp | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.3.0; fixed 4.3.3 | 4.3.3 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.NetTcp | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.4.0; fixed 4.4.4 | 4.4.4 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.NetTcp | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.5.0; fixed 4.5.3 | 4.5.3 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.NetTcp | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.0.0; fixed 4.1.3 | 4.1.3 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.Primitives | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.3.0; fixed 4.3.3 | 4.3.3 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.Primitives | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.4.0; fixed 4.4.4 | 4.4.4 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.Primitives | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.5.0; fixed 4.5.3 | 4.5.3 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.Primitives | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.0.0; fixed 4.1.3 | 4.1.3 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.Security | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.3.0; fixed 4.3.3 | 4.3.3 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.Security | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.4.0; fixed 4.4.4 | 4.4.4 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.Security | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.5.0; fixed 4.5.3 | 4.5.3 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
| NuGetSystem.ServiceModel.Security | ECOSYSTEM: introduced 4.0.0; fixed 4.0.4 | 4.0.4 | OSV record ↗aggregator derived · 8 Nov 2023 |
Medium technical severity with no CISA KEV confirmation; remediate through the normal risk-based patch cycle unless local exposure raises the priority.
Patch available01
What, why and how
A security feature bypass vulnerability exists when Microsoft .NET Framework components do not correctly validate certificates, aka ".NET Framework Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability." This affects .NET Framework 4.7.2, Microsoft .NET Framework 3.0, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2, ASP.NET Core 1.1, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2, ASP.NET Core 2.0, ASP.NET Core 1.0, .NET Core 1.1, Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5, Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2, .NET Core 1.0, .NET Core 2.0, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.1/4.7.2, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.2.
What
A security feature bypass vulnerability exists when Microsoft .NET Framework components do not correctly validate certificates, aka ".NET Framework Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability." This affects .NET Framework 4.7.2, Microsoft .NET Framework 3.0, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2, ASP.NET Core 1.1, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2, ASP.NET Core 2.0, ASP.NET Core 1.0, .NET Core 1.1, Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5, Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2, .NET Core 1.0, .NET Core 2.0, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.1/4.7.2, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.2.
Why
The product does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate.
How
An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
What
A security feature bypass vulnerability exists when Microsoft .NET Framework components do not correctly validate certificates, aka ".NET Framework Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability." This affects .NET Framework 4.7.2, Microsoft .NET Framework 3.0, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2, ASP.NET Core 1.1, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.5.2, ASP.NET Core 2.0, ASP.NET Core 1.0, .NET Core 1.1, Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5, Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5.1, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2, .NET Core 1.0, .NET Core 2.0, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.1/4.7.2, Microsoft .NET Framework 4.7.2.
Why
The product does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate.
How
An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.
02
Exploit reality and attack path
CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.
Observed exploitation No confirmed evidence
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.
Public PoC / exploit material None recorded
?
Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.No exploit-tagged reference or CISA SSVC proof-of-concept state is currently recorded. Research may still exist outside the structured feeds.
- Likely attack path
- local access → Improper Certificate Validation → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
- Attack surface
- Local
- Privileges required
- Low: a basic authenticated account is required
- User interaction
- None
- Attack complexity
- Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
- Security boundary
- Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
- Weakness
?
CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness. - CWE-295 ↗
CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation. The product does not validate, or incorrectly validates, a certificate.
- CVSS vector
?
CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity. CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:NCommon Vulnerability Scoring System 3.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.
AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CNoneConfidentiality impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.ANoneAvailability impact: No direct loss is represented by this metric.- Post-exploitation / living off the land
- The issue can support a local privilege or sandbox boundary transition; normal system utilities may then be available in the gained context.
03
Patch and workaround
Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.
- Status
?
Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change. - Patch available
- Affected
- Microsoft .NET Framework: 3.0 Service Pack 2 on Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2, 3.0 Service Pack 2 on Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-Based Systems Service Pack 2, 3.0 Service Pack 2 on Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2, 3.5 on Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems, 3.5 on Windows 10 for x64-based Systems, 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems, 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems, 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1703 for 32-bit Systems, 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1703 for x64-based Systems, 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1709 for 32-bit Systems, 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1709 for x64-based Systems, 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1803 for 32-bit Systems, 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1803 for x64-based Systems, 3.5 on Windows 8.1 for 32-bit systems, 3.5 on Windows 8.1 for x64-based systems, 3.5 on Windows Server 2012, 3.5 on Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation), 3.5 on Windows Server 2012 R2, 3.5 on Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation), 3.5 on Windows Server 2016, 3.5 on Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation), 3.5 on Windows Server, version 1709 (Server Core Installation), 3.5 on Windows Server, version 1803 (Server Core Installation), 3.5.1 on Windows 7 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 1, 3.5.1 on Windows 7 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1, 3.5.1 on Windows Server 2008 R2 for Itanium-Based Systems Service Pack 1, 3.5.1 on Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1, 3.5.1 on Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation), 4.5.2 on Windows 7 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 1, 4.5.2 on Windows 7 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1, 4.5.2 on Windows 8.1 for 32-bit systems, 4.5.2 on Windows 8.1 for x64-based systems, 4.5.2 on Windows RT 8.1, 4.5.2 on Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2, 4.5.2 on Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2, 4.5.2 on Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1, 4.5.2 on Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation), 4.5.2 on Windows Server 2012, 4.5.2 on Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation), 4.5.2 on Windows Server 2012 R2, 4.5.2 on Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation), 4.6 on Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2, 4.6 on Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2, 4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems, 4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems, 4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows Server 2016, 4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation), 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2 on Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems, 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2 on Windows 10 for x64-based Systems, 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows 7 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 1, 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows 7 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1, 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows 8.1 for 32-bit systems, 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows 8.1 for x64-based systems, 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows RT 8.1, 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1, 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows Server 2008 R2 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation), 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows Server 2012, 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation), 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows Server 2012 R2, 4.6/4.6.1/4.6.2/4.7/4.7.1/4.7.1/4.7.2 on Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation), 4.7.2 on Windows 10 Version 1803 for 32-bit Systems, 4.7.2 on Windows 10 Version 1803 for x64-based Systems, 4.7.2 on Windows Server, version 1803 (Server Core Installation)
- .NET Core: 1.0, 1.1, 2.0
- ASP.NET Core: 1.0, 1.1, 2.0
- .NET Framework: 4.7.2 Developer Pack
- Action
- Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
- Workaround
- No verified workaround is recorded. Limit untrusted access and use least privilege until authoritative guidance is available.
04
Evidence and provenance
Published 11 Jul 2018 · Last source change 5 Aug 2024, 06:54 UTC · CWE-295 · Improper Certificate Validation
CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceNIST NVD
EPSS source FIRST · tracked since 2026-09-01
?
The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2022-4735
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceNIST NVD
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment
Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.
Material change intelligence
View recent updates ↗What changed after publication
- ENISA EUVD mappingEUVD-2022-4735 was added to the official ENISA EUVD mapping for this CVE.ENISA EUVD ↗
- Before
- not recorded
- After
- {"euvdId":"EUVD-2022-4735"}
- Vendor guidanceAuthoritative vendor guidance changed: added patch: portal.msrc.microsoft.com/CVE-2018-8356; added remediation: portal.msrc.microsoft.com/CVE-2018-8356.portal.msrc.microsoft.com ↗
- Before
- no authoritative guidance recorded
- After
- patch: portal.msrc.microsoft.com/CVE-2018-8356 · remediation: portal.msrc.microsoft.com/CVE-2018-8356
- Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.CNA ↗
- Before
- 3.0 Service Pack 2 on Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2; 3.0 Service Pack 2 on Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-Based Systems Service Pack 2; 3.0 Service Pack 2 on Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2; 3.5 on Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems; 3.5 on Windows 10 for x64-based Systems; 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems; 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems; 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1703 for 32-bit Systems · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
- After
- 3.0 Service Pack 2 on Windows Server 2008 for 32-bit Systems Service Pack 2; 3.0 Service Pack 2 on Windows Server 2008 for Itanium-Based Systems Service Pack 2; 3.0 Service Pack 2 on Windows Server 2008 for x64-based Systems Service Pack 2; 3.5 on Windows 10 for 32-bit Systems; 3.5 on Windows 10 for x64-based Systems; 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1607 for 32-bit Systems; 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1607 for x64-based Systems; 3.5 on Windows 10 Version 1703 for 32-bit Systems · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
- Remediation statusRemediation status changed from Awaiting fix to Patch available.portal.msrc.microsoft.com ↗
- Before
- Awaiting fix
- After
- Patch available
- SeveritySeverity changed from Unknown to Medium.NIST NVD ↗
- Before
- Unknown
- After
- Medium
- CVSS scoreCVSS score changed from not recorded to 5.5 (CVSS 3.0 · NIST NVD · CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).NIST NVD ↗
- Before
- not recorded
- After
- 5.5 (CVSS 3.0 · NIST NVD · CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)
- Catalogue recordCVE added to the BlackTree catalogue.CNA ↗
CVE published
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
- CVE
- Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
- CVSS
- Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
- EPSS
- Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
- CWE
- Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
- CNA
- CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
- CISA ADP
- Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
- NVD
- National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
- CERT / CSIRT
- A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
- PoC
- Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
- CSAF
- Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
- LoTL
- Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.