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Full vulnerability report · 2017
CVE-2017-3196High confidence

Printing Communications Assoc., Inc. (PCAUSA) ASUS PCE-AC56 WLAN Card Utilities: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

Printing Communications Assoc., Inc. (PCAUSA) · ASUS PCE-AC56 WLAN Card Utilities

7.8HighCVSS 3.0
Recommended action
Within 7 days

High technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Mitigation available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityHighOperational priority:High, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • No CISA KEV confirmation is currently recorded.
  • A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
  • Exploitation requires an existing local or physical foothold with privileges.
  • EPSS is 0.70% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Apply the linked authoritative mitigation while planning the permanent fix.
  • Restrict local access and enforce least privilege on affected hosts.
  • Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Printing Communications Assoc., Inc. (PCAUSA) ASUS PCE-AC56 WLAN Card Utilities and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Recheck the vendor advisory before scheduling a change because no verified fixed version is currently retained.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 30 daysRemediation target: Within 180 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2017-12322

No EUVD known-exploited evidence

ENISA has published the identifier mapping but no EUVD description has been stored yet.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Not present in the current ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset. This is not proof of no exploitation.
ENISA score
Not supplied in the stored EUVD record
Advisory evidence
No linked advisory details stored yet
Recommended actionWithin 7 days

High technical severity with public exploit material referenced by a structured source; prioritise exposed affected systems while verifying vendor guidance.

Mitigation available
01

What, why and how

PCAUSA Rawether framework does not properly validate BPF data, allowing a crafted malicious BPF program to perform operations on memory outside of its typical bounds on the driver's receipt of network packets. Local attackers can exploit this issue to execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges.

What

PCAUSA Rawether framework does not properly validate BPF data, allowing a crafted malicious BPF program to perform operations on memory outside of its typical bounds on the driver's receipt of network packets. Local attackers can exploit this issue to execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges.

Why

The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may execute code or commands in the affected security context.

What

PCAUSA Rawether framework does not properly validate BPF data, allowing a crafted malicious BPF program to perform operations on memory outside of its typical bounds on the driver's receipt of network packets. Local attackers can exploit this issue to execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privileges.

Why

The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.

How

An attacker operating through local access may attempt exploitation with low privileges. If successful, the issue may execute code or commands in the affected security context.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
No confirmed evidence

No CISA KEV match was present at the last successful refresh. This means no confirmation from that source, not proof of no exploitation.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
local access → Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer → execute code or commands in the affected security context
Attack surface
Local
Privileges required
Low: a basic authenticated account is required
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-119 ↗

CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer. The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.0: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVLocalAttack vector: The attacker needs local access to the vulnerable system.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRLowPrivileges required: The attacker needs basic user-level privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
After compromise, an attacker may use built-in shells, scripting engines, scheduled tasks and native network utilities for discovery, persistence or movement. This is a plausible LoTL path, not evidence that it has occurred for every attack.
Remote code executionCWE-119Public exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2017-001917PCAUSA Rawether for Windows に権限昇格の脆弱性

Printing Communications Assoc., Inc. (PCAUSA) の Rawether フレームワークは、Berkeley Packet Filter (BPF) データを適切に検証していないため、細工された BPF プログラムを使用することで、想定されている範囲を超えたメモリ内容を操作することが可能です。 この脆弱性を悪用することで、Windows システムにおいて権限昇格される可能性があります。 Printing Communications Assoc., Inc. (PCAUSA) が作成した Rawether for Windows は、アプリケーションから Network Driver Interface System (NDIS) プロトコルドライバを操作するためのフレームワークです。このフレームワークは多数の機器ベンダで、Wi-Fi 機器やルータを制御するアプリケーションに使用されています。 Rawether は Berkeley Packet Filter (BPF) メカニズムによるパケットフィルタリング機能を実装しています。BPF では、フィルタ内容を表現した小さなプログラムが BPF 仮想マシンによって実行されます。 Network Driver Interface System https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/hardware/drivers/network/introduction-to-ndis-protocol-drivers Berkeley Packet Filter https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/networking/filter.txt バッファオーバーフロー (CWE-119) - CVE-2017-3196 Rawether は、BPF プログラムを実行する前に適切な検証を行っていません。細工した BPF プログラムによって任意のメモリ内容を読み書きされたり、無限ループを引き起こされたりする可能性があります。スタック領域に置かれたリターンアドレスが上書きされることで、SYSTEM 権限で任意のコードを実行される可能性があります。 NDIS_PACKET_TYPE_ALL_LOCAL フラグをつけた NDIS の OID_GEN_CURRENT_PACKET_FILTER リクエストにより、細工された BPF プログラムを設定した後、最初に受信したネットワークパケットを読み込む際に当該 BPF プログラムが実行されます。 研究者は、ASUS の無線 LAN カード PCE-AC56 で使用されているドライバ PcaSp60.sys の 64bit バージョンに対する再現手順を公開しています。 再現手順 http://blog.rewolf.pl/blog/?p=1778

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Mitigation available
Affected
ASUS PCE-AC56 WLAN Card Utilities: Unknown
Fixed
No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
Action
Apply the mitigation in the linked authoritative guidance while planning the vendor's permanent fix.
Workaround
A mitigation or workaround reference is available from the source linked below; validate it against the affected product and version.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 15 Dec 2017 · Last source change 5 Aug 2024, 14:16 UTC · CWE-119 · Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceNIST NVD
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-09-01
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2017-12322
Product sourceCNA
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCNA
NVD statusNVD modified after enrichment

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. ENISA EUVD mappingEUVD-2017-12322 was added to the official ENISA EUVD mapping for this CVE.
    Before
    not recorded
    After
    {"euvdId":"EUVD-2017-12322"}
    ENISA EUVD ↗
  2. Vendor guidanceAuthoritative vendor guidance changed: added mitigation: kb.cert.org/600671; added remediation: kb.cert.org/600671.
    Before
    no authoritative guidance recorded
    After
    mitigation: kb.cert.org/600671 · remediation: kb.cert.org/600671
    kb.cert.org ↗
  3. Remediation statusRemediation status changed from Awaiting fix to Mitigation available.
    Before
    Awaiting fix
    After
    Mitigation available
    kb.cert.org ↗
  4. Public exploit evidencePublic exploit evidence changed from No public exploit to Public exploit reference.
    Before
    No public exploit
    After
    Public exploit reference
    blog.rewolf.pl ↗
  5. SeveritySeverity changed from Unknown to High.
    Before
    Unknown
    After
    High
    NIST NVD ↗
  6. CVSS scoreCVSS score changed from not recorded to 7.8 (CVSS 3.0 · NIST NVD · CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
    Before
    not recorded
    After
    7.8 (CVSS 3.0 · NIST NVD · CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
    NIST NVD ↗
  7. Catalogue recordCVE added to the BlackTree catalogue.
    CNA ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2017-3196 · cve.blacktree.nl