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Full vulnerability report · 2015
CVE-2015-1427High confidence

Elasticsearch Groovy Scripting Engine Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Elastic · Elasticsearch

9.8CriticalCVSS 3.1
Recommended action
Patch now

CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2022-04-15 as the remediation due date.

Patch available
R
Operational reassessment

Published severity in operational context

Open reassessment dashboard →
Published severityCriticalOperational priority:Critical, unchanged from published severity.unchanged

Evidence used

  • CISA confirms exploitation in the wild.
  • A structured source references public exploit or proof-of-concept material.
  • The selected CVSS metric records a network-reachable, unauthenticated path with no user interaction.
  • EPSS is 99.91% for the current model date.

Compensating controls

  • Validate the affected product branch and deploy the verified fixed release.
  • Restrict the affected network interface to trusted sources where business-safe.
  • Increase monitoring for the attack path and post-exploitation behaviour described in the report.

Verification

  1. Confirm that the asset runs Elastic Elasticsearch and falls inside the recorded affected range.
  2. Verify the installed build against the product-specific fixed version after deployment.
  3. Validate exposure, authentication requirements and compensating controls in the actual environment.
  4. Reopen this reassessment when CVSS, KEV, EPSS, exploit evidence or remediation changes.
Mitigation target: Within 3 daysRemediation target: Within 90 days

This automated reassessment organises public evidence. It does not know asset exposure, business impact or control effectiveness and does not replace CVSS or a human risk decision.

Optional official sources

National CERT insights
?CERT means Computer Emergency Response Team; CSIRT is the closely related term Computer Security Incident Response Team.

Choose official national sources for this report. Each advisory shows its original language. Your selection is remembered on this device and included in shared links.

Official European source

ENISA European Vulnerability Database

Official EUVD identifiers, advisory evidence and known-exploited context. Missing fields are not treated as evidence of low risk.

1 current
ENISA EUVD identifier

EUVD-2022-5539

CISA KEV mirrored by ENISA

The Groovy scripting engine in Elasticsearch before 1.3.8 and 1.4.x before 1.4.3 allows remote attackers to bypass the sandbox protection mechanism and execute arbitrary shell commands via a crafted script.

EUVD state
Present in the current official mapping
Known exploitation
Recorded by ENISA since 25 Mar 2022. Evidence sources: cisa_kev.
ENISA score
9.8 · CVSS 3.1
Advisory evidence
1 linked advisory record
Explicit mitigation evidence

Only statements that explicitly mention a fix, patch, update, workaround or mitigation are shown here.

  • csaf_redhat · RHSA-2017:0868Red Hat Security Advisory: Red Hat JBoss Fuse/A-MQ 6.3 R2 security and bug fix update
Recommended actionPatch now

CISA confirms exploitation in the wild and lists 2022-04-15 as the remediation due date.

Patch available
01

What, why and how

The Groovy scripting engine in Elasticsearch allows remote attackers to bypass the sandbox protection mechanism and execute arbitrary shell commands.

What

The Groovy scripting engine in Elasticsearch allows remote attackers to bypass the sandbox protection mechanism and execute arbitrary shell commands.

Why

The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

What

The Groovy scripting engine in Elasticsearch allows remote attackers to bypass the sandbox protection mechanism and execute arbitrary shell commands.

Why

The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

How

An attacker operating through a network path may attempt exploitation without authentication or user interaction. If successful, the issue may cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor.

02

Exploit reality and attack path

CVSS severity, EPSS forecast probability, public exploit material and CISA-confirmed exploitation are separate signals.

Observed exploitation
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Confirmed in the wild

CISA added this CVE to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on 2022-03-25.

Public PoC / exploit material
?Confirmed exploitation and public exploit material are separate signals. Attacks can occur without public proof-of-concept or exploit code.
Reference recorded

A structured CVE source labels at least one public reference as exploit material. BlackTree has not independently validated that it is safe, reliable or weaponised.

Likely attack path
a network path → Improper Access Control → cause the confidentiality, integrity or availability impact described by the vendor
Attack surface
Network
Privileges required
None: unauthenticated exploitation is possible
User interaction
None
Attack complexity
Low: no specialised conditions are recorded
Security boundary
Unchanged: impact remains within the vulnerable component's security authority
Weakness
?CWE means Common Weakness Enumeration: a standard category for the underlying weakness.
CWE-284 ↗

CWE-284: Improper Access Control. The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.

CVSS vector
?CVSS means Common Vulnerability Scoring System. The vector records the metric values used to calculate technical severity.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Common Vulnerability Scoring System 3.1: the compact vector below is decoded into plain language.

AVNetworkAttack vector: The vulnerable component can be reached over a network.ACLowAttack complexity: No specialised conditions are required beyond attacker-controlled input.PRNonePrivileges required: The attacker does not need an account or existing privileges.UINoneUser interaction: No action by another user is required.SUnchangedScope: The security impact remains within the vulnerable component's authority.CHighConfidentiality impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.IHighIntegrity impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.AHighAvailability impact: A successful attack can cause a major loss.
Post-exploitation / living off the land
No specific living-off-the-land technique is confirmed in the structured sources. Monitor normal administration tools for activity inconsistent with the affected service's baseline.
NetworkUnauthenticatedCWE-284CISA KEVPublic exploit reference
A

Official authority intelligence

Only matched European and national findings are included. Language selectors and unavailable sources are omitted.

ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2022-5539Known-exploited evidence recorded

The Groovy scripting engine in Elasticsearch before 1.3.8 and 1.4.x before 1.4.3 allows remote attackers to bypass the sandbox protection mechanism and execute arbitrary shell commands via a crafted script.

Official EUVD record ↗
BSI · German · WID-SEC-2025-2233Elasticsearch: Schwachstelle ermöglicht Ausführen von beliebigem Programmcode mit den Rechten des Dienstes

Ein entfernter Angreifer kann eine Schwachstelle in Elasticsearch ausnutzen, um beliebigen Programmcode mit den Rechten des Dienstes auszuführen.

Official advisory ↗
CERT-FR · French · CERTFR-2025-AVI-0855Multiples vulnérabilités dans les produits Juniper Networks

ient-side-HTTP-parameter-pollution-vulnerability-in-web-interface-CVE-2025-59977 Bulletin de sécurité Juniper Networks JSA103172 du 08 octobre 2025 https://supportportal.juniper.net/s/article/2025-10-Security-Bulletin-Junos-Space-Flooding-device-with-inbound-API-calls-leads-to-WebUI-and-CLI-management-access-DoS-CVE-2025-59975 Bulletin de sécurité Juniper Networks JSA103437 du 08 octobre 2025 https://supportportal.juniper.net/s/article/2025-10-Security-Bulletin-Security-Director-Policy-Enforcer-An-unrestricted-API-allows-a-network-based-unauthenticated-attacker-to-deploy-malicious-vSRX-images-to-VMWare-NSX-Server-CVE-2025-11198 Référence CVE CVE-2015-1427 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2015-1427 Référence CVE CVE-2015-3253 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2015-3253 Référence CVE CVE-2015-5377 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2015-5377 Référence CVE CVE-2018-17244 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2018-17244 Référence CVE CVE-2018-17247 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2018-17247 Référence CVE CVE-2018-3823 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2018-3823 Référence CVE CVE-2018-3824 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2018-3824 Référence CVE CVE-2018-3826 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2018-3826 Référence CVE CVE-2018-3831 https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2018-383

Official advisory ↗
JVN iPedia · Japanese · JVNDB-2015-001538Elasticsearch の Groovy スクリプトエンジンにおけるサンドボックス保護メカニズムを回避される脆弱性

Elasticsearch の Groovy スクリプトエンジンには、サンドボックス保護メカニズムを回避される、および任意のシェルコマンドを実行される脆弱性が存在します。 補足情報 : CWE による脆弱性タイプは、CWE-284: Improper Access Control (不適切なアクセス制御) と識別されています。 http://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/284.html

Official advisory ↗
03

Patch and workaround

Operational remediation based on structured source evidence.

Status
?Patch availability is based on structured fixed-version fields and authoritative update references. If no fix is verified, check the vendor advisory before making a change.
Patch available
Affected
n/a
Fixed
An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
Action
Review the linked authoritative reference and apply the recorded fixed release appropriate to the affected product branch.
Workaround
No verified workaround is recorded. If business-safe, reduce exposure to the affected interface and allow only trusted sources until authoritative guidance is available.
04

Evidence and provenance

Published 17 Feb 2015 · Last source change 22 Oct 2025, 00:05 UTC · CWE-284 · Improper Access Control

CVE recordCVE.org · 5.1
CVSS sourceNIST NVD
EPSS source
?The date BlackTree first stored a score for this CVE from the daily FIRST EPSS feed.
FIRST · tracked since 2026-09-01
European sourceENISA EUVD · EUVD-2022-5539
Product sourceCISA KEV
Remediation sourceCVE/CNA references
CWE sourceCISA KEV
NVD statusNVD enriched

Core structured fields are present and their contributing authorities are shown above.

Material change intelligence

What changed after publication

View recent updates ↗
  1. ENISA known-exploited stateENISA EUVD now records this CVE in its known-exploited dataset.
    Before
    not listed in ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset
    After
    listed in ENISA EUVD known-exploited dataset (EUVD-2022-5539)
    ENISA EUVD ↗
  2. ENISA EUVD mappingEUVD-2022-5539 was added to the official ENISA EUVD mapping for this CVE.
    Before
    not recorded
    After
    {"euvdId":"EUVD-2022-5539"}
    ENISA EUVD ↗
  3. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    n/a: n/a · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
    After
    n/a · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
    CISA KEV ↗
  4. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    n/a · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
    After
    n/a: n/a · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
    CNA ↗
  5. Vendor guidanceAuthoritative vendor guidance changed: added patch: elasticsearch.com/elasticsearch-1-4-3-1-3-8-released; added remediation: elasticsearch.com/elasticsearch-1-4-3-1-3-8-released; removed vendor advisory: access.redhat.com/RHSA-2017:0868; 1 further additions.
    Before
    vendor advisory: access.redhat.com/RHSA-2017:0868
    After
    patch: elasticsearch.com/elasticsearch-1-4-3-1-3-8-released · remediation: elasticsearch.com/elasticsearch-1-4-3-1-3-8-released · vendor advisory: elastic.co/security
    elasticsearch.com ↗
  6. Affected versionsThe structured affected or fixed version information changed.
    Before
    n/a · Fixed: No fixed version is explicitly recorded in the structured CVE data.
    After
    n/a · Fixed: An authoritative update reference is available, but the fixed version is not recorded in the structured CVE fields. Check the linked vendor advisory for the applicable release.
    CNA ↗
  7. Remediation statusRemediation status changed from Awaiting fix to Patch available.
    Before
    Awaiting fix
    After
    Patch available
    elasticsearch.com ↗
  8. Public exploit evidencePublic exploit evidence changed from No public exploit to Public exploit reference.
    Before
    No public exploit
    After
    Public exploit reference
    packetstormsecurity.com ↗
  9. CVSS scoreCVSS scoring authority changed from CISA ADP to NIST NVD; the displayed base score remained 9.8.
    Before
    9.8 (CVSS 3.1 · CISA ADP · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
    After
    9.8 (CVSS 3.1 · NIST NVD · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)
    NIST NVD ↗
  10. Catalogue recordCVE added to the BlackTree catalogue.
    CNA ↗
Material fields only · duplicate refreshes suppressed · history retained for the configured operational retention period
CVE published
Added to CISA KEV
Fixed release or patch reference recorded
ENISA EUVD · EUVD-2022-5539↗CISA KEV record↗Patch or update reference↗Vendor advisory↗CVE authority or vendor reference↗Public exploit reference↗Official CVE record (CNA and ADP data)↗NVD record↗
Technical terms and abbreviations used in this report
CVE
Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures: the public identifier for one disclosed vulnerability.
CVSS
Common Vulnerability Scoring System: a technical severity framework; it is not patching priority by itself.
EPSS
Exploit Prediction Scoring System: FIRST's estimate of the probability that exploitation activity will be observed in the next 30 days; it is a forecast, not confirmation.
CWE
Common Weakness Enumeration: the standard category describing the underlying software or hardware weakness.
CNA
CVE Numbering Authority: an organisation authorised to assign and publish CVE records.
CISA ADP
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency Authorized Data Publisher: structured enrichment added to a CVE record.
NVD
National Vulnerability Database: NIST's enrichment service for CVE records.
CERT / CSIRT
A computer security incident response team that publishes warnings or coordinates incident response.
PoC
Proof of concept: public material that demonstrates or helps reproduce exploitation.
CSAF
Common Security Advisory Framework: a machine-readable format for security advisories.
LoTL
Living off the land: abuse of legitimate tools or system functions during an attack.
Free version - for non-commercial use only.CVE-2015-1427 · cve.blacktree.nl